Evaluación de diferentes dosis de nitazoxanida en comparación con la dosis probada del metronidazol en el tratamiento de giardiosis en caninos (Canis familiaris)

Abstract

The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate three different doses of nitazoxanide and compare with metronidazole in cases of canine Giardiasis. In 16 canines between 3 and 4 months of age, which were randomly divided into 4 groups: T0 (metronidazole 25 mg/kg BID for 5 days, T1 (nitazoxanide 2mg/kg BID for 3 days), T2 nitazoxanide (3 mg/kg BID for 3 days) and T3 nitazoxanide (4mg/kg BID for 3 days), to determine which is the effective dose of nitazoxanide and compare its percentage of efficacy with metronidazole. The number of cysts of Giardia spp. using the concentration method of Willis, temperature, Capillary refill time and skin pinch test to determine the percentage of dehydration as well as a macroscopic analysis of the feces (consistency, color, smell, mucus or blood). An analysis of covariance (ANOVA)for expulsion of cyst and analysis of variance for the rest of variables was performed using INFOSTAT / free version 2016 and the means comparison was performed using a Tukey test at 5%. The best result was T3 nitazoxanide (4mg/kg BID for 3 days) with an efficacy of 97,9 % in comparison to metronidazole which only obtains 67,8 % at the end of the treatment. Any individual showed fever, the feces improved its aspect since day 4 with a better resolution in T3, in day 2 only individuals treated with metronidazole showed vomiting, T1 obtain eight percentage of dehydration because the resolution of diarrhea took more time. No adverse effects of nitazoxanide were found in this study.