Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/412

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2021 - 20222

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Tema: search.filters.subject.MDR

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  • Miniatura
    Item type:Ítem,
    Caracterización in silico de una secuencia de genoma completo de Escherichia coli mcr-1 positiva de origen animal de Ecuador
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2022-09)
    Rodríguez Gando, Kerly Tatiana
    ;
    Calero Cáceres, William Ricardo
    Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been one of the causes of major morbidity in humans, produced by resistant bacteria that acquire their pathogenicity by transmission mechanisms, such as horizontal transmission of mobile genetic elements. mcr-1 is a gene that generates resistance to colistin, a polymyxin antibiotic used for the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, where its global dissemination has become a health threat. Escherichia coli is a species with a major presence of mcr-1 in various reservoirs such as food, animals, environment, and humans. Ecuador has presented few studies on Escherichia coli mcr-1 in different hosts; however, its dissemination in the country remains unknown. For this reason, we intend to characterize in silico the Escherichia coli mcr-1 positive strain (UTA069) of animal origin, using its genome sequence to evaluate the phylogenetic distance by comparing it with 124 strains of E. coli carrying the mcr-1 gene from 25 countries using bioinformatics tools. UTA069 belonged to sequence type ST1196, virulence genes, plasmids and antibiotic resistance gene profiles were detected. Phylogenetic distances showed a close relationship between UTA069 and its analogues from Spain, whereas the remaining Ecuadorian strains are mainly related to isolates of Asian and European origin. Finally, Ecuadorian isolates showed co-resistance to different classes of antibiotics such as aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and in greater proportion to beta-lactams, whose presence has increased in recent years in microorganisms belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family.
  • Miniatura
    Item type:Ítem,
    Modelamiento computacional de la enzima acetohidroxiácido sintasa (AHAS) de Mycobacterium tuberculosis
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2021-09)
    Jurado Barona, Evelyn Katherine
    ;
    García Solís, Mario Daniel
    Tuberculosis is a disease caused by the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It annually produces millions of deaths worldwide. The severity of this condition is caused by the progressive appearance of multidrug resistant strains (MDR-TB) and extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB). For this reason, it is common to use long treatments that produce unwanted effects in patients. Given the lack of effective and well tolerated drugs to treat tuberculosis, it is necessary to investigate new targets which will slow down the spread of the pathogen. The enzyme acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) is amongst the most promising targets. AHAS is the first enzyme in the branched chain amino acid biosynthetic pathway (BCAAs). It has been already shown that AHAS is crucial for the survival of Arabidopsis thaliana, Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and other organisms. Here, a model of Mycobacterium tuberculosis AHAS complex was obtained using the Swiss-Model. The model was derived from its closest structure, S. cerevisiae AHAS. The MtAHAS complex exhibited the same structural features described previously for AtAHAS and ScAHAS, including its resemblance to the Maltese cross. The interactions with cofactors and the most important motifs involved in the inhibition with methyl metsulfuron were elucidated using the software WinCoot and LigPlot. The hexadecameric complex of MtAHAS generated provides a platform for the rational design of enzyme inhibitors for the effective treatment of different strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.