Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/412

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2023 - 20264

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Fecha de inicio: 2020Tema: search.filters.subject.BIOFERTILIZANTES

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  • Miniatura
    Item type:Ítem,
    Uso de los residuos de cultivo in vitro de plantas como potencial fertilizante para Tomate riñón (Solanum lycopersicum) y Tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum)
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2026-01)
    Pérez Guerra, Carlos Sebastián
    ;
    Sánchez Garnica Manoella Alejandra
    In vitro culture laboratories are key tools for the mass propagation of plants; however, they generate large amounts of waste rich in agar, nutrients, and growth regulators that, despite their agronomic potential, are typically discarded as biological waste. In response to this issue, the present study aims to evaluate the use of in vitro culture waste as a potential liquid fertilizer for kidney tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and tree tomato (Solanum betaceum) To this end, agar waste from micropropagation processes was collected, treated, diluted, sterilized, and packaged to produce the liquid fertilizer. Subsequently, its composition was characterized using photometry, a technique that quantifies chemical compounds through absorbance measurement, and its effect on plants was evaluated under greenhouse conditions. The analysis revealed high concentrations of phosphorus, sulfur in the form of sulfates, manganese, and zinc compared to commercial fertilizers. Additionally, treated seeds and plants exhibited higher germination percentages, greater numbers of true leaves, uniform leaf growth, and improved root development. These results demonstrate the significant potential of in vitro culture waste as a sustainable alternative for plant nutrition, offering a viable and ecological option for agricultural waste management. Furthermore, the reuse of these wastes not only reduces their environmental impact but also contributes to the development of more sustainable agricultural practices.
  • Miniatura
    Item type:Ítem,
    Uso de los residuos de cultivo in vitro de plantas como potencial fertilizante para Tomate riñón (Solanum lycopersicum) y Tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum)
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2026-01)
    Jiménez Robles, Mayte Carolina
    ;
    Sánchez Garnica, Manoella Alejandra
    In vitro culture laboratories are key tools for the mass propagation of plants; however, they generate large amounts of waste rich in agar, nutrients, and growth regulators that, despite their agronomic potential, are typically discarded as biological waste. In response to this issue, the present study aims to evaluate the use of in vitro culture waste as a potential liquid fertilizer for kidney tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and tree tomato (Solanum betaceum) To this end, agar waste from micropropagation processes was collected, treated, diluted, sterilized, and packaged to produce the liquid fertilizer. Subsequently, its composition was characterized using photometry, a technique that quantifies chemical compounds through absorbance measurement, and its effect on plants was evaluated under greenhouse conditions. The analysis revealed high concentrations of phosphorus, sulfur in the form of sulfates, manganese, and zinc compared to commercial fertilizers. Additionally, treated seeds and plants exhibited higher germination percentages, greater numbers of true leaves, uniform leaf growth, and improved root development. These results demonstrate the significant potential of in vitro culture waste as a sustainable alternative for plant nutrition, offering a viable and ecological option for agricultural waste management. Furthermore, the reuse of these wastes not only reduces their environmental impact but also contributes to the development of more sustainable agricultural practices.
  • Miniatura
    Item type:Ítem,
    Caracterización de Rhizobium spp. a partir de haba (Vicia faba L.) en cuatro localidades del cantón Tisaleo
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2023-03)
    Morales Miranda, Cynthia Monserrath
    ;
    Pérez Salinas, Ruth Narcisa
    Agricultural productivity depends on the nutrients available in the soil, especially nitrogen. Currently, chemical fertilizers are used to improve production, without considering the pollution they generate. Biotechnological alternatives give a new approach to nitrogen fixation in legumes. In this research, nodules from broad bean (V. faba) were used, a commercial and essential legume due to its high content of proteins, vitamins and minerals; capable of fixing nitrogen through Rhizobium spp. 32 samples were collected in 4 locations of Tisaleo that were morphologically characterized, where 90 percent of them presented characteristics similar to Rhizobium spp. Biochemical tests were performed where 100 percent of these were positive for methyl red, Voges Proskauer, starch hydrolysis, and catalase, however, 98 percent of these were negative for hydrogen sulfide and TSI. A BOX-PCR was developed, to identify the existing genetic distance between them, from composite samples (16), great genetic variability was evidenced, with the formation of 2 groups from a similarity coefficient of 51 percent, being the sample that presented the most similarity in relation to the other QLU56 belonging to locality 4 and the samples that had a 95 percent similarity coefficient were ATS 78 and ATS12, belonging to locality 2. The results obtained are important for future research that involve the elaboration of biofertilizers as a friendly alternative to the environment.
  • Miniatura
    Item type:Ítem,
    Caracterización de Rhizobium spp. a partir de trébol violeta (Trifolium pratense) en cuatro localidades del cantón Ambato-Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2023-03)
    Buestán Morales, José Carlos
    ;
    De la Torre Olvera, Helena Maritza
    Nitrogen is the most important nutrient for plant growth, legume crops are highly dependent on nitrogen fixed by nitrogen-fixing rhizobial bacteria. The identification and characterization of rhizobia indigenous to a particular area is the basis for the formulation of inoculants for sustainable legume production in the face of climate change. Rhizobium spp. were isolated from 4 localities of Ambato canton. The isolated bacteria were grown on Yeast Extract Agar medium and YMA mannitol with Congo red. The colonies were observed after 36-48 hours of incubation at 37 degrees Celsius, control plates showed growth of different microorganisms, while the isolation plates did not show contamination. A total of 88 isolates were obtained, characterized as rod-shaped, aerobic, non-spore-forming and motile. The isolates showed a milky pink color, were positive for methyl red, Voges-Proskauer, catalase, starch hydrolysis and motility on SIM agar. They were negative for the triple sugar iron test, negative for sulfuric acid production and negative for the indole test on SIM, while the Simmons citrate test was negative for 3 strains. The polymorphisms evaluated by UPGMA allowed establishing that the diversity of rhizobia had 76 percent similarity, grouping slow-growing rhizobia in the northern zone and fast-growing rhizobia in the southern zone of Ambato.