Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/412

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Tipo de acceso: Acceso abiertoTema: search.filters.subject.LODOS PTAR

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  • Miniatura
    Item type:Ítem,
    Evaluación del efecto de productos enzimáticos en la producción de biogás y las propiedades del lixiviado en vertederos biorreactores destinados a la degradación de materia orgánica residual
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-07)
    Sarabia Tutin Renan Saúl
    ;
    Peñafiel Ayala Rodny David
    The environmental issue linked to the inadequate accumulation of biodegradable waste, combined with the growing need for sustainable energy sources, served as the primary motivation for developing a technological alternative that integrates waste treatment with renewable energy generation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of enzymatic products on biogas production and the characteristics of leachate in bioreactor landfills intended for the anaerobic degradation of residual organic matter. The methodology involved operating three bioreactors: a control unit, a treatment unit, and a treatment replicate. Each was filled with layers of gravel, compost, green waste, and centrifuged sludge. The systems underwent a two-week stabilization phase. In the third week, basal medium was added, which facilitated the generation of leachate and nutrient migration. The treatment with commercial enzymatic products was initiated in the seventh week and continued until week twelve. Prior to the addition of the enzymatic products, the specific methanogenic activity of the three products Biomog, Efibact, and EM-1, was determined. Leachate characterization began in the fourth week, as its appearance was only observed after the addition of the basal medium. In conclusion, the bioreactor systems demonstrated efficiency in biogas production and organic matter degradation, and the enzymatic treatment had a positive effect. However, the leachate properties did not meet expectations due to the short operational period of the systems.
  • Miniatura
    Item type:Ítem,
    Determinación del efecto de productos enzimáticos en el tratamiento de lodos PTAR Ambato y residuos verdes para la producción de biogás a escala de laboratorio
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-07)
    Analuisa Morales Alex Javier
    ;
    Peñafiel Ayala Rodny David
    Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) generate large quantities of sludge daily, the management of which represents one of the greatest challenges due to its constant accumulation. At the same time, the increase in green waste has intensified greenhouse gas emissions, such as carbon dioxide and methane, by hindering its natural decomposition. In this context, anaerobic digestion (AD) is proposed as a sustainable alternative for valorizing waste through energy recovery in the form of biogas. Furthermore, the use of enzymatic products can accelerate biogas generation, thereby contributing to greater sustainability in the face of this global problem. The research was structured in two phases. In the first, the Specific Methanogenic Activity (SMA) method was applied to select, from among three commercial products, the one with the greatest methane production efficiency. In the second phase, the selected product was applied to four 4L biodigesters, with different feed configurations and enzyme addition. Key physicochemical parameters such as pH, solids, nutrients, and heavy metals were monitored. Methane production was quantified by liquid displacement. The results demonstrated that enzyme addition significantly improved methane generation, influenced by optimal pH, ammonium, temperature, and solids conditions. It is concluded that the use of enzymatic products represents an effective strategy for valorizing organic waste, providing a state-of-the-art biotechnological alternative for optimizing biogas production and digestate quality.
  • Miniatura
    Item type:Ítem,
    Efecto de la adición de lodos de la PTAR Ambato sobre los procesos de compostaje de residuos verdes y de jardín
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-07)
    Chango Jerez Raquel Magaly
    ;
    Peñafiel Ayala Rodny David
    Ecuador generates a high percentage of organic solid waste, such as green waste and garden waste, causing a significant environmental problem. All waste accumulates in landfills, causing pollution. Furthermore, the sludge from the Ambato WWTP represents a responsible environmental strategy, and together with composting, aims to improve compost quality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to understand the effect of the Ambato WWTP sludge on the composting process in laboratory bioreactors. The methodology consisted of operating three bioreactors for the 12-week composting process. The bioreactors consisted of green waste, garden waste, and commercial compost for bioreactor 1, and for bioreactors 2 and 3, the same materials were added, but with the addition of WWTP sludge. The physicochemical characteristics of the compost were monitored throughout the process. In conclusion, the composting process using the Ambato WWTP sludge stood out for its efficiency, demonstrating how the sludge improved process quality and supported the circular economy by complying with environmental policies. The results of this study can serve as a technical reference for public environmental policies, circular economy initiatives, and urban sustainability projects in Ambato and other cities in the country, generating a positive impact on both the environmental and socioeconomic levels.