Browsing by Author "Peñaloza Lozada María Belén"

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    Determinación del índice de requerimiento de fertilización de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) variedad Extremo a partir del análisis del extracto de savia
    (2024-12) Peñaloza Lozada María Belén; Peña Murillo Robinson Fabricio
    Optimizing fertilization in horticultural crops can increase both yield and product quality while minimizing environmental impact. Traditionally, fertilization plans are based on soil analyses, which, however, do not always accurately reflect the specific nutritional needs of the plant. Sap analysis emerges as an alternative to assess the nutritional status of plants in real time. In the present research, the fertilization requirement index for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) variety Extremo was determined by analyzing the sap extract. The contents of essential nutrients (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) were quantified using the ion-selective electrode system, known as the LAQUAtwin meter, whose results were compared with those obtained by conventional tissue analysis methods. A high positive correlation was observed between both methods, with correlation values (r) ranging between 0.851 for phosphorus and 0.991 for nitrogen. Regarding primary nutrients (N, P and K), significant variations were identified depending on the crop development stage, with the highest absorption rates recorded at 30 (vegetative growth) and 60 (reproductive growth) days after transplant (dat). At 120 dat, a decrease in absorption was observed, especially of nitrogen and phosphorus, with this reduction being more pronounced in nitrogen. In contrast, calcium showed an increasing trend depending on the phenological state of the crop. Regarding magnesium, its absorption increased between 30 and 60 dat, then decreased towards the end of the cycle. Regarding micronutrients, an increase in the absorption of iron and manganese was observed between 30 and 60 dat, followed by a decrease until the end of the cycle, being more pronounced for manganese. Copper showed a decrease in absorption to 60 dat, with a subsequent increase towards the end of the cycle, while zinc showed a general tendency to decrease as the crop cycle progressed.