Browsing by Author "León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo"

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Caracterización molecular de genes de avirulencia del agente causal del moho gris de la hoja de Solanum lycopersicum L en la provincia de Tungurahua
(2022-08) Flores Yanchaliquin, Diana Carolina; León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo
Cladosporium fulvum or leaf mold is a pathogen described by Cooke in 1883 that develops easily in tomato crops due to favorable temperature and humidity conditions. For the present investigation, the objective was to "Molecularly characterize avirulence genes of the causal agent of the mold of the leaves of Solanumlycopersicum L in the province of Tungurahua". For the molecular characterization of genes, fungal DNA was extracted from each canton (Ambato, Baños, Cevallos, Mocha, Patate, Pelileo, Píllaro, Tisaleo), which consisted of lyophilizing the mycelium, crushing and placing the respective buffers (Buffer A Naoh + Tween 20 and Buffer B Tris Hcl + Edta) and the extracted DNA was stored at -20°C. For amplification using conventional PCR, the amplification conditions for each Avr andEcp and their process were standardized, using dNTPs, Taq DNA Polymerase,forwrad-reverse primers, and ultrapure water with 25 μl of reaction. For visualization,1% agarose gels were made with the running buffer TAE 1X and a 100bp molecular marker (Invitogen) was used. Having as results the presence of the Avr2 and Avr4E avirulence gene, thus also verifying the absence of Avr4 and Avr9, while for extracellular proteins Ecp2, Ecp4 and Ecp5 are presented so that for Ecp1 it does notrecognize the presence of the gene
Comportamiento agronómico de bulbos de azafrán (crocus sativus l.). en diferentes sustratos
(2018) Flores Pimbo, David Marcelo; León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo
The trial was conducted in the Province: Tungurahua, Canton: Ambato, Parish: Huachi Chico. On the property of the Flores Family, located 10 km south of the city, located at a length of 78 ° 37'50 ", and a latitude of 1 ° 16'59" and an altitude of 2572 masl; with the objective of: determining the agronomic behavior of the saffron bulbs in substrates: peat and coconut fiber and the 50% combination of the aforementioned substrates, besides establishing the adequate management of the saffron crop (Crocus sativus L. ) under climatic conditions of the Ambato canton Huachi Chico parish. The treatments were 3; Treatment 1 (T1 bulbs planted in 100% coconut fiber), Treatment 2 (T2 bulbs planted in 100% peat) and Treatment 3 (T3 bulbs planted with 50% coconut fiber + 50% peat). The experimental design was used completely at random. With three treatments and 10 repetitions. The Tukey test at 5% significance was used to compare average treatments. The results and observations obtained in the test, show that Crocus sativus saffron cultivation can be carried out under the climatic conditions of the Ambato canton, since it was adapted to the humidity and temperature conditions. The combination of coconut fiber and peat gave the substrate greater capacity for aeration, drainage, promoted a rapid and healthy development of both the aerial part and the root system, reporting the plants that developed under these conditions: better plant height, both at 30 days (3.12 cm), and at 60 days (7.09 cm), at 90 days (10.48 cm), at 120 days (17.69 cm) and at 160 days (24, 51 cm) of the planting, an average of 161.5 days at flowering and an average of 12.3 days at emergence. The percentage of emergence and number of flowers per plant were not directly linked to the use of substrates, these variables are subject to the caliber of bulbs and rupture of dormancy, phytosanitary status. The use of substrates had no impact on the emergency rate but it did provide an adequate environment for its development.
Efecto de la aplicación de dos fertilizantes edáficos y tres fertilizantes foliares sobre la producción y rentabilidad del cultivo de banano (Musa AAA.) en el cantón Baba
(2023-06) Mendoza Campelo, Carlos Alberto; León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo
Banana (Musa spp. AAA) cultivation is important in many countries, and its nutrition is essential for optimal production and profitability. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of different soil and foliar fertilizers on the production and profitability of banana cultivation in the Baba canton. Several variables were evaluated, such as the height of the plant, the diameter of the pseudostem, the number of leaves and the weight of the bunch. The results showed that the different fertilizers and bionutrients applied had a positive impact on the banana crop of cv 'Galil 12' Gran dwarf superior (Musa spp. AAA, Cavendish subgroup). In particular, the combination of Fertcampo+Pronter Plus and Fertcampo+Bionutriente increased bunch weight and the number of hands per bunch, while the combination of Fertcampo+Bionutriente, Multifert+Natura Energy and Fertcampo+Natura Energy increased rachis weight. In addition, the interaction between edaphic and foliar fertilizers significantly affected the bunch weight and the rachis weight of the 'Galil 12' Gran enano superior cultivar, which suggests the importance of adequate fertilization to achieve a better yield. All the treatments tested, including the commercial control of the company Inversiones Dalton Valarezo, were profitable because the benefitcost ratio was greater than unity. However, the highest level of profitability was achieved with the use of Multifert + Fronter Plus and Multifert + Natura Energy Plus. In conclusion, this study shows that the proper use of soil and foliar fertilizers can significantly improve the production and profitability of banana cultivation, which may have important implications for the banana industry and for the reduction of environmental problems
Efecto de la aplicación de promesol y ATP-UP en la propagación por esquejes de tomate riñón (Solanum lycopersicum) variedad Pietro en el cantón Pillaro en la parroquia Emilio María Terán
(2022-09) Guamani Quilapanta, Luis Gustavo; León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo
Tomato production worldwide is constantly growing, not only due to the increase in cultivated areas, but also because farmers use technologies that allow higher yields. In this experiment, the effect of the application of Promesol and ATP-UP on the propagation by cuttings of kidney tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) variety Pietro in the Píllaro canton in the Emilio María Terán parish was evaluated. The Randomized Complete Block Design was used with a factorial arrangement of 3 x 3 + 1, that is, 10 treatments, with 4 repetitions. The investigation was carried out on the property located in the Emilio María Terán parish of the Píllaro canton in the province of Tungurahua. Where the combination of the products ATP-Up and Promesol 5 X produced significantly superior results in the development of the crop, which is evidenced in the averages measured 30 days after the installation of the experiment in the variables plant height and number of leaves. . The application of the doses of products used didnot show significant statistical differences, however, better results can be seen when applying average concentrations of ATP-UP and Promesol 5X. The P3D2 treatment (4 cc/lt + 2 cc/lt) presents the best averages in all the variables studied, so its use can be recommended if you want to obtain good quality kidney tomato rooted cuttings.
Eficiencia del hongo Cladosporium sp. para el control del ácaro Tetranychus urticae en el cultivo de fresa (Fragaria ananassa), en la Granja Experimental Querochaca de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato
(2023-04) Sánchez Bermeo, Vanessa Carolina; León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo
Tetranychus urticae, also known as red spider mite, is a pest that greatly affects strawberry plantations in Ecuador since it causes 80% of losses, so farmers choose to make frequent applications of agrochemicals. In the present investigation, the pathogenic activity of the fungus Cladosporium sp as a controller of Tetranychus urticae was evaluated by formulating different concentrations 2x103 conidia/ml, 2x104 conidia/ml2 , 2x105 conidia/ml, 2x106 conidia/ml, the application was carried out in two phases, the first phase in laboratory conditions, where plant samples contaminated with mites were collected for the preparation and incubation of the rearing units. Once this procedure was carried out, new rearing units were made to transfer 10 adult female mites of approximately 19 days of life, the application of the different doses was carried out with 5 repetitions each one including the control, observations were made during 12 days, which showed that the doses 2x105 conidia/ml, 2x106 conidia/ml were the ones with the highest mortality of mites. The second phase was the application of the doses 2x105 conidia/ml, 2x106 conidia/ml, in field conditions. For this application, 10 plants were used for each treatment including the control and observations were made for 15 days and it was determined that the dose 2x106 conidia/ml is the one with the highest percentage of mite mortality, however, it was established that the concentration 2x106 conidia/ml has a higher percentage of mortality 58% in laboratory conditions and in field conditions its percentage of mortality decreases to 50%.
Evaluación de bioestimulantes orgánicos como alternativa ecológica para accionar la germinación de semillas de Citrus x limón Variedad Rampur, en el cantón Ambato, parroquia Izamba
(2016) Puca Morales, Fernanda Jacqueline; León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo
This research was conducted in order to increase the percentage of germination of seeds Citrus x lemon Var. Rampur, using organic biostimulant Urtica dioica L. and Taraxacum officinale. the design of complete random (DBCA) blocks used in 2X3X2 + 1 factorial arrangement with three replications. Data were statistically analyzed using statistical tools such as analysis of variance to achieve establish highly significant, significant and non-significant statistical differences and Tukey test at 5% for sources of variation were reported as significant. In the variable length of the radicle it was determined that treatment with the best results was P2T3D2 (Taraxacum officinale purines, 10 min immersion, 20 cc), averaging 2.60 cm at 10 days, 4.60 cm to 20 days and 5.40 cm length of the radicle 30 days. Because this treatment provided the most favorable conditions of concentration, time and adequate manure for better growth of the radicle. Seed vigor was determined at 10, 20, and 30 days of starting the experiment observed that treatment P2T3D2 (Taraxacum officinale slurry, 10 min immersion 20cc) had the best average values of 1,750; 2,240 and 2,400 respectively. The application of Taraxacum officinale slurry had a direct influence on germination percentage variable because this provided adequate humidity and concentration of organic biostimulants for better seed germination conditions. Once analyzed statistically variable germination energy we can conclude that it was influenced by the application of treatment P2T3D2 (Taraxacum officinale slurry, 10 min immersion, 20 cc) to 20 days of the experiment to an average of 4.00; while after 30 days treatment P2T2D1 (Taraxacum officinale slurry, 8 min immersion, 10 cc) had the best average of 7.30; s and 40 days Taraxacum officinale application stands out from other averaging 10.00. Descriptors: bioestimulante, Citrus x lemon, dose, germination, nettle, liquid manure, seed, taraxaco, dive time, vigor.
Evaluación de dos productos desinfectantes para la producción de forraje verde hidropónico de avena (Avena sativa L.) en el sector San Pedro del cantón Cevallos
(2022-09) Mariño Fiallos, Christian Fabricio; León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo
Hydroponic green fodder (HGF) is a plant biomass production technology that is obtained from the initial growth of plants in the germination and early growth stages of seedlings from viable seeds. In the present study, the effect of two seed disinfectants on the yield of hydroponic green forage of oats (Avena sativa L.) was evaluated in the San Pedro sector of Municipality of Cevallos. For this purpose, three concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (0.5, 1 and 2 mL/L) and quaternary ammonium (1, 2.5 and 5 mL/L) were tested for seed disinfection. In each treatment, 2 kg of oat seeds were used, which were sown in germinating trays. The trial was conducted in a randomized complete block design with a 2 x 3 +1 factorial arrangement, with the first factor represented by the type of disinfectant (sodium hypochlorite or quaternary ammonium) and the second factor represented by the dose of disinfectant. Higher germination percentage was reached in seeds treated with sodium hypochlorite, where it varied from 74 to 83%, similar to the germination percentage observed in untreated seeds (control treatment), while seeds treated with quaternary ammonium, germination ranged from 2 to 44%. Likewise, higher forage production was obtained in plants from seeds treated with sodium hypochlorite, regardless of the concentration used, which did not show differences with untreated plants, while in plants obtained from seeds disinfected with ammonia quaternary forage production tended to decrease with increasing concentration. Additionally, quaternary ammonium caused an increase in the number of days needed to reach the maximum dry matter accumulation. It is concluded that sodium hypochlorite turned out to be more effective for the disinfection of oat seeds, for which it is recommended to produce hydroponic forage
Evaluación de extractos vegetales de manzanilla (Matricaria chamomilla) y tomillo (Thymus vulgaris) para el control de mildiu polvoriento (Erysiphe cichoracearum) en zucchini verde (Cucurbita pepo) sakata
(2022-08) Torres Cunalata, Álvaro David; León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of two extracts of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris) for the control of powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) on green zucchini, it was carried out in Atahualpa, Ambato, province of Tungurahua in an established crop of three months of age. An experimental design of completely randomized blocks (DBCA) with three replications was use; the extracts were obtained by the maceration method with three solutions of 10, 20 and 30%, compared with an absolute and a chemical control. Under field conditions, variables of incidence, severity and crop yield were evaluated. The results according to the statistical analysis at the end of 32 days after the first application showed that the best treatments were E2D3 (thyme at 30%) with values of 75.55% incidence control and 0.24% of severity, with an average yield per kilogram of fruit/ plant 1.1 kg,. Followed by E1D3 (chamomile at 30%) with 82,22% incidence control and 0,25% disease severity, with an average yield of 0,99 kg of fruit/plant. This proves that Thyme and Chamomile are plants with antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, and insecticidal characteristics; their main composition is based on the content of secondary metabolites such phenolic acids, terpenes, flavonoids and saponins.
Evaluación de giberelina y citoquinina en la inducción floral y rendimiento del cultivo de fresa (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) Variedad Albión
(2022-08) Valle Naranjo, Gustavo Daniel; León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo
The present work was done at Cevallos Canton, Tungurahua province and the aim was to determine the effect of gibberellin (AG3) and Cytokinin (Kinetin) on flower induction and yield of Fragaria ananassa Duch. cultivar “Albión” because not any studies have been executed in this scenario. During the experimental development in trial for the first flowering cycle the following variables were evaluated; days to flowering and number of flower per plant at the first producing cycle (3 months), also number of fruits per plant, fresh weight of fruits, equadorial and polar diameter, Total Solid Solubles (TSS), dry matter, yield per hectare and Benefic. Cost rate were. When we applied 5.0 mg.L-1 AG3 + 25 mg.L-1 kinetin, the days to flowering were reduced in 12.5%, 13.8% of fresh weight increased respect to control without hormones. When 15 mg.L-1 AG3 + 0.375 mg.L-1 Kinetin were applied flower numbers increased in 20% and number of fruits in 17,4%. The spray of 10 mg.L-1 AG3 + 0.250 mg.L-1 Kinetin increased equadorial diameter in 1.3% and the polar diameter in 2.0 %. After application of 5.0 mg.L-1 AG3 + 0.375 mg.L1 Kinetin dry matter was higher in 1.16 % respect to control. Combined mixtures of 5.0 mg.L-1 AG3 + 0.125 mg.L-1 Kinetin, 10 mg.L-1 AG3 + 0.375 mg.L-1 Kinetin and 15,0 mg.L-1 AG3 + 0.250 mg.L-1 Kinetin, reduced acidity in 0.48% in comparison with the control. For Total Solids Soluble no effect was observed after AG3 and Kinetin in any combination. The most profitable treatment was the application of 5.0 mg.L-1 AG3 + 0.250 mg.L-1 Kinetin, which reach $ 0.37 per invested dollar. The mixture of AG3 and Kinetin using different doses and combinations in F. ananassa, variety Albión, let us an efficient managements of flower induction, increased yield for selecting the best combination of plant hormones to reach higher profitability, aspect of great concern to farmers of strawberry at Cevallos Canton from Tungurahua province. Keywords: GA3, Albión, biostimulant, phytohormone, phytoregulator, bloom, Fragaria, strawberry, gibberellin, kinetin.
Evaluación de la eficiencia de (Bacillus thuringiensis) para el control biológico de la araña roja (Tetranychus urticae Koch) en cultivo de fresa (Fragaria vesca) variedad Albión
(2015) Guanoluisa Tenorio, Miryam del Rocío; León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo
La presente investigación sobre la Evaluación de la eficiencia de (Bacillus thuringiensis) para el control biológico de araña roja (Tetranychus urticae Koch) en cultivo de fresa (Fragaria vesca) variedad Albión. Se llevó a cabo en la parroquia la Matriz del cantón Píllaro. El número de larvas, ninfas y adultos al inicio del experimento fue similar para todos los tratamientos estudiados, incluido el testigo por cuanto antes de tomar estos datos no se realizaron aplicaciones para el control de ácaros. Una vez realizadas las aplicaciones de los tratamientos con los productos en sus diferentes dosis y frecuencias se determinó que el producto B2 alcanzó los menores valores de ataque de ácaros determinado por la presencia de larvas, ninfas y adultos. La mejor dosis de aplicación de las utilizadas para disminuir el ataque de ácaros fue D3 (3 cc/l) debido a que con esta dosis se obtuvieron los valores más bajos tanto en la presencia de adultos como de ninfas y larvas. Una vez finalizado el experimento se determinó que la frecuencia F1 (cada 7 días) resulto como la mejor ya que con ésta se alcanzó los mejores resultados en el control de ninfas, larvas y adultos de ácaros en el cultivo de fresa. En cuanto al desarrollo vegetativo de la plantación se pudo concluir que la aplicación de Bacillus thuringiensis en sus diferentes dosis y frecuencias no inciden directamente sobre el cultivo ya que el testigo tiene similares valores que el resto de tratamientos.
Evaluación de la extracción de n, p y k en el cultivo de Brócoli Var. Avenger
(2021-04) Escobar, Edgar Hernán; León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo
The increase in the consumption of broccoli Brassica oleracea worldwide, for Ecuador in recent years represents a crop of great economic importance. The lack of studies in the country on the requirements demanded by the crop for correct fertilization significantly affects the productivity and quality of broccoli. The objective of this study was to identify the level of N, P and K extraction in the broccoli Brassica oleraca var. Avenger. It was developed in the parish of Mulaló, in the province of Cotopaxi. The research was developed in an open field crop, under a quantitative approach in a non-experimental type of research at a descriptive level. The methodology for the extraction levels and obtaining N, P and K extraction curves, a cultivation area of 2 ha was established, with a sowing density of 55,000 plants ha-1, for the analysis 12 elite plants were selected At 35, 56, 75 and 95 dat, they were sent to the laboratory for analysis, the extraction results of the main macronutrients demanded by the plant were N 348.6 kg ha-1, P 61.7 kg ha-1, and K 295.2 kg ha-1, and the mathematical models of each nutrient were determined with a confidence level for N of 0.95, P of 0.96 and K of 1.0. It is recommended to consider that at 75 dat the accumulated extraction level of 251.8 kg ha-1 of K and 213.2 kg ha-1 of N influences the formation and development of the pellet.
Evaluación de la producción de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) con la aplicación de un bioestimulante más potasio en el caserío Yanahurco, cantón Mocha
(2023-09) Morales Copo, Brenda Vaneza; León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo
The objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of the application of foliar biostimulants on the yield of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in the Yanahurco hamlet, Mocha canton. A completely randomized block design (CBAD) was applied, with 6 treatments including the control and three replications with the following formulations: F1 (Crop + Plus 1.5ml/L + Kelik Potassium 2ml/L), F2 (Crop + Plus 2.5ml/L + Kelik Potassium 2ml/L), F3 (Crop + Plus 3.5ml/L + Kelik Potassium 2ml/L), F3 (Crop + Plus 3, 5ml/L + Kelik Potassium 2ml/L), F4(Crop + Plus 1.5ml/L), F5(Kelik Potassium 2 ml/L), in the control the application of Crop + Plus and Kelik Potassium was not carried out, in the processing of the information the Tukey test was applied at 5% with the use of the INFOSTAT program. The parameters evaluated were plant height, cabbage weight, equatorial and polar diameter, and yield. Based on the statistical analysis, it was determined that the best treatment was F5 (Kelik Potassium 2 ml/L), since in the analysis of the different treatments it obtained the best values in terms of height (21.63 cm), cabbage weight (947.63 g), equatorial diameter (947.63 g), and equatorial diameter (947.63 g), 63g), in equatorial and polar diameter (16.67cm), and in yield (75810.67kg/h), which reflects that it could be complemented only with kelik potassium in lettuce production. It is recommended to promote the use of organic fertilization in agroecosystems in order to maintain the efficient use of natural resources.
Evaluación de sustratos para la producción de plántulas de tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum B.)
(2023-09) Marcalla Yanchaguano, Erika Alexandra; León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo
The deterioration of the capacity of the land has led to the replacement of direct sowing by the use of seedbeds, with the use of substrates so that in this way they provide us with the production of quality plants. The substrate is one of the main means used for the seed to germinate properly. The objective of this research was to evaluate different substrates for the production of tree tomato seedlings (Solanum betaceum B). The research was carried out in the Research building, acclimatization area of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, a completely randomized block experimental design (DBCA) was carried out, with three treatments and 4 repetitions (each). The substrates used were T1 (Compost50 % plus Gravel 50 %), T2 (Peat) and T3 (Coal - Husk 50 % plus Black Earth 50 %). For the data analysis, the Tukey test was carried out at 5%, at the end of the first phenological phase, which is 30 days after it began to germinate and 45 days after sowing. The germination percentage, plant height, root volume, number of true leaves, root length and stem diameter were evaluated; Carrying out the statistical analysis, it was prolonged that in the six variables prevailed in T2 (Peat), we obtained an average percentage of germination (80.8%) plant height of (8.57cm), root volume of (0. 57cc), number of true leaves (4), root length (4.38cm) and stem diameter (0.5cm), similar results were obtained with T3 (Carbon - Cascarilla plus Tierra Negra). While the compost plus gravel substrate (T1) was the one with the lowest germination percentage (2.83%), so it would not be advisable to use it for tree tomato seed germination.
Evaluación de tres tiempos de pinzado en la formación de plantas de rosas (Rosa sp), para exportación bajo cubierta en la Granja Experimental Querochaca
(2023-09) Ortiz López, Christian Arnulfo; León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo
The rose crop (Rosa sp.) is one of the main flower producers cut in Ecuador, and its production depends largely on techniques of specialized handling such as clamping, which is used to encourage generation of shoots and, consequently, increase production. This research set out to evaluate the impact of three different moments of pinched in the development of rose plants. Three treatments were implemented: clamped at 5 weeks of culture (soft pinch in basals), at 8 weeks of cultivation (chickpea point) and after 12 weeks of cultivation (with the formation full of flowers). In relation to the development of the plant, the treatment of clamping at 12 weeks proved to be the most effective, achieving a height of 83 centimeters, a stem thickness of 1 centimeter, 7 degrees Brix and 2.4 basal with 4.8 arms per basal. The evaluation of the flower production index confirmed these findings: clamping at 12 weeks achieved the highest production rate high (0.81), followed by clamping at 5 weeks (0.71) and, finally, clamped at 8 weeks (0.64). From the economic point of view, the third treatment turned out to be the most profitable, generating the greatest income due to its high percentage of basals. In contrast, the second treatment generated the lower income, since the expected number of baselines was not reached.
Evaluación de tres tipos de injerto en el patrón franco de kiwi (Actinidia chinensis)
(2021-08) Sanipatin Pilaguano, Yadira Lizbeth; León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo
The research project is entitled "Evaluation of three types of graft in the kiwi (Actinidia chinensis) frank pattern", which was carried out in the Quinlata neighborhood belonging to the Patate city, located at 2301 meters above sea level, with geographical coordinates 1 ° 18 ' 25 "S and 78 ° 30 '2" W, its objective is to determine the type of graft (terminal spike graft, lateral spike graft and bud graft) that is most favorable for the culture under study. For the analysis, evaluation variables were used, such as: percentage of seizure, plant height, graft diameter, graft height and number of buds seized per grafted plant, each one of them examined at different times, which were revealed the differences between the types of grafts, by means of a completely randomized experimental design, with three treatments and three repetitions, the analysis of variance (ADEVA) was carried out and later the data were examined by means of Tukey's significance tests at 5% , obtaining as the best type of graft the terminal spike, with 40% seizure, grafted plant height of 33.9cm, graft diameter of 20.9mm, graft height 25.8cm and 1.7 buds per grafted plant. . Therefore, it is the type of graft recommended to carry out in the cultivation of kiwi (Actinidia chinensis), in areas with similar climatic characteristics to those of the Patate city.
Evaluación del efecto de bioestimulante orgánico en la producción de plantines de rosas (Rosa sp.) Var. Topaz injertos en vivero en el cantón Patate provincia de Tungurahua
(2016) Sanipatín Guano, Hugo Rodrigo; León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo
The research was carried out on the property of Mr. Hugo Sanipatin, located in the Quinlata district of the canton, province of Tungurahua Patate, in the geographical coordinates 78 ° 30´ of Western length and 19´ 1 ° of South latitude, at the altitude of 2314 m.a.s.l.; for the purpose of: determine the dose (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 cc/l) and frequency (every 15, 30 and 45 days) appropriate application of the organic biostimulant Vitazyme, to increase stem elongation and improve the quality of the button on the production of injertas plants of Rosa sp. var. Topaz; and analyze the economic profitability of treatments. The treatments were ten. Factorial was used completely randomized block design in arrangement of 3 x 3 + 1 absolute control, with three replications. Analysis of variance was carried out tests of significance of Tukey 5% and orthogonal polynomials for each factor in study. The economic analysis was made following the methodology of the relationship benefits cost (RBC). The frequency of every 15 days reported the best results, with higher growth in diameter of the outbreak (0.67 cm) and the largest number of leaves per shoot (10.99). Economic analysis it is concluded that the relationship benefit cost, presented positive values in all treatments, finding that treatment applied every 15 days (D3F1), 2.0 cc/l dose reached the highest relation benefit cost of 0.37, where the net profits were 0.37 times the invested, being the treatment of greater profitability from the economic point of view.
Evaluación del efecto de dos compensadores de horas frío en el rendimiento del cultivo de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) variedad única pera
(2023-09) Núñez Balladares, Vanessa Estefanía; León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo
The present study, based on the production of (Solanum tuberosum L.) single pear variety by seed-tuber that was previously induced with chilling time compensators: Dormex and Urea, and a control that was not treated with any inductor, was developed in the Santa Marianita sector of the Mocha canton, province of Tungurahua, with the purpose of evaluating the effect of the chilling time compensators on the yield of the crop of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) single pear variety. The response variables evaluated were: plant height, number of aerial stems, number of tubers per plant, longitudinal and central diameter, weight of tubers per plant, days to sprouting, days to harvest and yield. A completely randomized block experimental design was used in group analysis with 3 replications. The data obtained were analyzed using Tukey's test at 5%, giving the following results: in plant height, T2D1 (Dormex 50 cc/L) with 84.40 cm plant height and the control with 74.73 cm was the one with the lowest yield. In number of aerial stems per plant, T2D1 (Dormex 50 cc/L) had 12.33 stems, standing out from the rest and, unlike the control, only 6.80 aerial stems. In number of tubers per plant, T2D1 (Dormex 50 cc/L) had 42.80 tubers, being superior to the control, which only obtained 27.07 tubers per plant. In equatorial diameter, T2D1 (Dormex 50 cc/L), with 9.39 cm, occupied first place while the control only obtained 7.78 cm. In polar diameter, T2D1 (Dormex 50 cc/L) ranked first with 7.67 cm, while the control was last with 6.31 cm. In tuber weight per plant, T2D1 (Dormex 50 cc/L), with 2145.40 g, was far superior to the Witness, which had 1614.07 g. In days to sprouting, group 2 (Dormex) sprouted at 27 days, group 1 (Urea) at 29 days and the control at 35 days. In days to harvest, group 2 (Dormex) was at 120 days, group 1 (Urea) at 128 days and the Witness at 150 days. Finally, in yield, T2D1 (Dormex 50 cc/L) was the best treatment for the first category with an average of 3541.31 kg/ha, for the second category with an average of 1595.70 kg/ha, for the third category 1494.20 kg/ha and for the fourth category with an average of 221.11 kg/ha
Evaluación del efecto estimulante del aceite ozonificado (AGROZOIL), en el cultivo de girasol (Helianthus annuus), híbrido sunbright en la parroquia Juan Montalvo
(2022-09) Guevara Izurieta, Bryan Alexander; León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo
The use of ozonized oil has now become an ecological biostimulant medium that contributes to morphological growth, control of pests, diseases, inactivation of viruses, bacteria and resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, when applied to any type of crop. The present research project was developed in the Juan Montalvo parish, belonging to the Ambato canton, with the purpose of evaluating the morphophysiological effects presented by the cultivation of sunflower (Helianthus annuus), Sunbright hybrid, with the application of four doses of ozonated oil ( Agrozoil) at 3, 5, 7, 10 cc/l, as a foliar applied biostimulant, the study factors that were evaluated were plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, inflorescence diameter, number of petals, crop cycle, leaf area and dry mass. A completely randomized block design with five treatments and four repetitions was drawn, the application of the product was carried out every 15 days, making four applications. Obtaining as a result that the dose (D4) at 10 cc/l of ozonized oil, influenced the morphological growth of stem diameter with an average greater than 1.46 cm, number of leaves with an average of 13 and 14 leaves, mass dry root with a fresh weight of 29.2 g, stem with a weight of 223.8 g, and inflorescence reaching a weight of 30.58 g, compared to the other doses evaluated, on the other hand the dose (D3 ) at 7 cc/l of ozonated oil, influenced the variables plant height with a stem length of 115.45 cm, diameter of the inflorescence 13.6 cm, leaf area with an average greater than 84.18 cm2 and cycle of the culture reaching a cut-off point at 61 days compared to the other doses.
Evaluación del helecho de agua asociado con anabaena (Azolla anabaena) como sustrato ecológico para producción de plantas de brócoli (Brassica oleracea L, variedad itálica) en la parroquia Montalvo
(2015) Gavilanes Gavilanes, Edison Javier; León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo
En este trabajo de investigación, se realizó el estudio de varios sustratos a base de Azolla anabaena en combinación con otros materiales utilizados comúnmente, (Pomina y Kekilla), en la producción de plantas de brócoli a nivel de pilonera, para poder ofertar una alternativa ecológica de sustrato a los productores de plantas. Se determinó las características físico-químicas de los sustratos, es decir de cada mezcla. En el estudio realizado se utilizó Azolla anabaena en mezcla con kekilla en 3 porcentajes diferentes, 75% de azolla + 25% de kekilla, 50% de azolla + 50% de kekilla y 25% de azolla + 75% de kekilla, además se la combinó con pomina en los siguientes porcentajes, 60% de azolla + 40% de pomina, 70% de azolla + 30% de pomina y 80% de azolla + 20% de pomina, y para comparación se empleó un sustrato con el 100% de azolla y otro con el 100% de kekilla. Se tomaron datos de las plantas de brócoli a los 20, 24 y 28 días de la siembra, resultando la combinación de 75% de azolla + 25% de kekilla como la de mejores características de sustrato para las plantas.
Valoración del almacenamiento de agua y carbono entre las zonas intervenidas y no intervenidas de los humedales del Paramo de Sachahuayco del cantón Mocha
(2014-06-07) León Gordón, Olguer Alfredo; Pomboza Tamaquiza, Pedro Pablo
Ante la problemática del deterioro del páramo de Sachahuayco en el cantón Mocha, por el avance de la frontera Agrícola, se ha visto necesario realizar un estudio comparativo del impacto causado en relación a la retención de carbono y agua entre dos zonas; una intervenida con maquinaria agrícola y otra zona no intervenida. En los estudios realizados se evaluó la capacidad de retención de agua y carbono en las turberas del páramo de Sachahuayco, realizando análisis para determinar la cantidad de almacenamiento de estos recursos. Se realizó también un muestreo de árboles, arbustos y chaparros, análisis bacteriológico de agua en las dos zonas, la intervenida y no intervenida. En relación a la cantidad de agua retenida los resultados demuestran tener mayor capacidad de almacenamiento de agua en la zona no intervenida, de igual forma sucede con la cantidad de carbono almacenado que es superior en el área no intervenida. En cuanto a flora es mayor la presencia de árboles, arbustos y chaparros en la zona no intervenida ya que en la zona intervenida no existe presencia de árboles, arbustos, y encontramos muy pocos chaparros. En relación al análisis bacteriológico de agua se determinó que no existe coliformes totales en la zona no intervenida, y en la zona intervenida hay presencia de coliformes totales.