Browsing by Author "Jácome Espinosa, Raúl Fernando"

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    Calidad sanitaria del material vegetal utilizado como semilla y su relación con la productividad del cultivo de ajo (Allium sativum L.)
    (2017) Jácome Espinosa, Raúl Fernando; Curay Quispe, Segundo Euclides
    The objective of this research was to determine the sanitary quality of the garlic (Allium sativum L.) seed that is used for sowing in the province of Tungurahua and its relation with the productivity of the crop, for which a microbiological analysis of two Seed lots identified: Aspergillus niger; Penicillium aurantiogriseum; Penicillium expansum; Penicillium hirsutum; Fusarium roseum; Cladosporium there-cepae; Rhizopus microsporus; Rhizoctonia solani, phytopathogenic strains that test the hypothesis of a seed with poor phytosanitary quality. Another aspect that is analyzed is the existence of pathogens in the soil of the communities that grow garlic. Microbiological analyzes were also carried out on a sample of soil in natural conditions (pajonal) of the area where no pathogenic strains were registered. However, in another sample of a ready-to-grow soil, strains of Fusarium oxysporum were recorded; Phytium sp.; Pyrenochaeta terrestrial; Sclerotium cepivorum; Pseudomonas cepacia, which we presumed were disseminated from neighboring crops through agricultural machinery, tools, irrigation water and wind. In terms of plant parasitic nematodes, species such as Meloidogyne sp.; Pratylenchus sp.; Tylenchus sp. both in soil and seed. As an alternative to combat the aforementioned pathogens, the application of a broth of EMAs (application frequency 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days) captured and propagated in the same growing areas (doses of 10, 30 and 50 cc EMAs / Lt water), strains of Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis fungi were identified as phytopathogen antagonists in this broth. The effectiveness of the EMA was verified by finding statistically significant differences between all treatments in relation to the controls in both percentage of infected plants and in the yield of the plots, identifying S1D1 and S2D2 with the best results while TS1 and TS2 are the Which show the lowest yields with high incidence of phytopathogens. Descriptors: phytopathogens, phytopathies, EMAs, frequency, doses, antagonists, percentage of infection, productivity.