Browsing by Author "Cullpa Moposita, Kerly Nayeli"

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    CARACTERIZACIÓN DE BACILOS GRAM NEGATIVOS EN INFECCIONES DEL TRACTO URINARIO DE PACIENTES DE UN LABORATORIO DE LA CIUDAD DE AMBATO
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2024-08-05) Cullpa Moposita, Kerly Nayeli; Jaramillo Ruales, Evelyn Katherine
    Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are typically caused by the invasion and proliferation of uropathogens in the urinary tract. They are the second most common infections in both hospital and community settings, with the female gender being more predisposed to developing these UTIs. Escherichia coli is the primary microorganism in 60-80% of cases, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae. These Gram-negative bacilli have develop e d various resistance mechanisms, with the production of beta-lactamase enzymes (ESBL) being the main one. This research aimed to characterize Gram-negative bacilli in urinary tract infections of patients from a laboratory in the city of Ambato during the period from March to August 2024. Through an observational and cross-sectional study, 26 urine samples were isolated. of patients with UTI who attended the UTA-LABB laboratory of the Techni c a l University of Ambato, a microscopic and elemental examination of the urine was performed, followed by a urine culture for confirmation. The identification and susceptibility profile of the uropathogens were performed manually using biochemi c a l tests and with the automated VITEK® 2 equipment. Finally, in the isolates that present e d ESBL resistance, a lateral flow immunoassay was conducted. As a result, Escherichia coli (22/26 cases) was identified as the main etiological agent present in community patient isolates, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (4/26 cases), both showing resistance to Cephalothin. Three cases of ESBL resistance were found, two in Escherichia coli and one in Klebsiella pneumoniae.It was concluded that Escherichia coli remains the principal cause of these UTIs and that the female gender is more predisposed to these infections. Additionally, it was identif i e d that locally, Fosfomycin and Nitrofurantoin continue to be the antibiotics of choice for empirical treatment. Finally, it was established that self-medication is one of the main factors that lead to the generation of these UTIs and, at the same time, that these bacter i a create resistance mechanisms.