ALTERACIONES DE LA MARCHA EN PACIENTES CON RECONSTRUCCIÓN DEL LIGAMENTO CRUZADO ANTERIOR POR AUTOINJERTO: REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA

Abstract

ACL rupture is one of the most common injuries in the current context and autograft reconstruction is the most commonly used rehabilitation method together with physiotherapy for physical rehabilitation; however, certain biomechanical alterations have been detected in the gait pattern of these patients due to the effects that the injury produces on the surrounding structures and this has resulted in the development of degenerative pathologies secondary to ligament reconstruction. Objective: To analyze the alterations in gait biomechanics in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction through different autograft techniques. Methodology: A systematic review based on the guidelines of the PRISMA method was carried out in the databases Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and Springerlink, including a total of 11 articles. Results and discussion: Several gait alterations were detected in the patients analyzed in parameters such as angles of movement, joint range, tibial translation, moments of force and vertical ground reaction; with the knee flexion angle being the most evaluated. However, studies show discrepancies in several of the results found and, in addition, there is little or no information about hip and ankle biomechanics; so it is difficult to make a conclusion about a specific gait pattern for these patients.