Optimización y monitoreo del sistema fotovoltaico de la Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistema Electrónica e Industrial

Abstract

The present graduation thesis examines the method of improving the efficiency of the solar panel through the implementation of a dynamic system that enhances the acquisition of solar radiation. The proposed implementation is a solar system that rotates about a single axis. An analysis was conducted on factors such as the installation location, types of movements or solar trackers, and the motor used for rotation, which follows the solar trajectory throughout the day. In the electronic design, devices for luminosity detection, a digital clock, a microcontroller, and a specialized voltage regulator have been integrated to provide power to the controller, which acts as the central component of the tracker. The operation of the latter is described through a flowchart. For data collection, a Hall-type current sensor has been employed, sending information to a database for subsequent analysis. The relay module, a part of the power circuit design, controls the motor's rotation direction. Additionally, calculations have been performed for the design of a gearbox system, which is part of the mechanical system. Finally, a statistical analysis of the system's efficiency has been carried out, concluding that the dynamic photovoltaic system outperforms a static photovoltaic energy capture system in terms of efficiency.