Determinación del efecto ansiolítico in vivo del extracto etanólico de ortiga macho (Urtica leptophylla Kunth) en ratones (Mus musculus)

Abstract

The research on the anxiolytic evaluation of a native plant from Ecuador, such as the analysis of the anxiolytic potential of the ethanolic extract of Urtica leptophylla Kunth, is crucial for mental health and biodiversity conservation. In a world where anxiety disorders affect an increasing number of people, finding natural and effective alternatives is vital. Additionally, this research merges traditional knowledge with modern science for the benefit of societies and the environment, highlighting the richness of Ecuadorian flora and its potential for sustainable development. The methodology employed included phytochemical tests that revealed the significant presence of phenols and flavonoids, supporting the antioxidant activity of the extract. The use of the Elevated Plus Maze test in mice (Mus musculus) to assess the anxiolytic potential of the extract from Urtica leptophylla Kunth. The exploration of the mice hippocampus response through biochemical tests (DPPH and Bradford) after the behavioral phase provided valuable insights into the extract's ability to counteract oxidative stress in the brain induced by immobilization stress. The results suggest a positive anxiolytic effect comparable to clonazepam, in addition to neuroprotective properties due to its antioxidant capacity. These findings pave the way for investigating and applying natural compounds in the treatment of mental illnesses and brain protection against oxidative stress. In summary, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of the extract's properties and its potential for treating anxiety disorders and protecting the brain.