MicroRNAs como biomarcadores de diagnóstico temprano en aterosclerosis

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial pathology of slow and silent progress in which endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, adipocytes, inflammatory cells, and blood flow are involved. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are essential regulators of the metabolic pathways involved in the development of this pathology, whence they are considered potential predictors of severity and therapeutic targets. The objective of this study is to collect updated information that allows us to understand the role of miRNAs in each of the components of the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, as well as their usefulness as an early diagnosis marker of atherosclerosis. The inhibition or overexpression of the miRNAs involved will determine the evolution of this pathology, from its onset, progress and regression. Several studies confirm its expression in each cell line and tissue involved in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, nevertheless, it is necessary to establish links between its expression in situ and in peripheral blood, its sensitivity and specificity to determine its viability in clinical practice.