Secuelas crónicas cardiovasculares post SARS-COV-2

Abstract

Chronic cardiovascular complications following SARS-CoV-2 infection are an emerging concern; Although initially considered primarily a respiratory disease, it has been found that COVID-19 can have a significant long-term impact on the cardiovascular system and several studies have shown that some patients recovered from the acute phase of infection may develop chronic cardiovascular complications such as heart disease, heart failure, arrhythmias due to ferroptosis, endothelial disturbances, arterial hypertension, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome and other cardiovascular disorders. Available evidence suggests that systemic inflammation, oxidative stress and altered immune response during COVID-19 infection may contribute to these complications. Mechanisms such as persistent inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, functional and structural alteration of cardiac tissue may cause chronic post-infectious cardiovascular dysfunction due to COVID-19. In addition, the coexistence of comorbidities, age and sex are factors that contribute to the severity of the disease and the risk of developing cardiovascular complications. The management of these complications is complex and requires a multidisciplinary approach; it is clear that the impact of COVID-19 on the cardiovascular system is not limited only to the acute phase of the disease, but requires adequate surveillance and management of chronic cardiovascular complications in patients recovered from COVID-19 due to the high morbidity and mortality rates in this population, constituting a serious problem for health systems worldwide.