Rol del ácido acetilsalicílico en preeclamsia y restricción de crecimiento uterino, durante el embarazo

Abstract

Low-dose aspirin therapy in early pregnancy may prevent: "preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)", these complications are associated with placental dysfunction and could be prevented, suggesting that there is a pathophysiological mechanism that associates them. Objective: To determine the role of acetylsalicylic acid in preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction during pregnancy. Material and methods: This is a systemic literature review study for which the descriptors in health sciences (DeCS) were used using the following terminology: "acetylsalicylic acid", "treatment", "preeclampsia" and "intrauterine growth restriction", as well as their combination and expansion. In addition, journal databases, clinical guidelines, protocols, articles published in indexed journals were used. Results: evidence-based literature indicates that placental dysfunction is preventable in early pregnancy, for which low doses of acetylsalicylic acid should be prescribed in children under 16 weeks of gestation; meanwhile, there is no strong evidence indicating benefits in IUGR. Conclusions: prevention at the primary level is essential to reduce maternal neonatal morbidity and mortality by early implementation of this treatment.