Aislamiento de bacterias asociadas con la rizosfera de Solanum tuberosum L. var. Superchola en dos localidades de la provincia de Tungurahua

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to isolate and characterize the cultivable bacteria present in the roots (rhizobacteria) of the potato of the Superchola variety in two locations in the province of Tungurahua. In the first phase, the examination of soils where potatoes are grown was carried out, to later place them in plastic bottles with a capacity of 6000 ml; where the tubers of the Superchola variety were planted. In this way, 50 days elapsed, root samples were taken at each of the depths (8, 16 and 24 cm) to carry out the isolation by 3 methods (Inclusion of 10 mm long root fragments, Washing planting and by root dissemination, and Maceration of root fragments in NaCl saline buffer and dissemination), for which the nutrient agar culture medium was obtained. It was possible to obtain the number of 82 isolated bacteria obtained in their predominant cultural characterization in 84% with a circular shape, 85% with an entire border, 93% colonies with shine, 67% with a flat elevation and 88% with a smooth texture. In relation to its morphological characterization, Gram (+) bacteria predominated in 58%, bacilli 97%. To determine the amount of CFU/g of root, serial solutions of each location and depth were made, leaving them to incubate for 48 hours at 28°C and thus proceed to count. In order to measure the diversity of cultivable bacteria in the soil, 250 g of the sample from each location were taken, which were sent to the IDgen laboratory, where the metagenomic analysis was carried out, in which the report mentions the prevalence of 7856 cultivable bacteria in the soil. the town of Santa Rita in the canton of Píllaro and 1307 in the town of Llangahua in the canton of Ambato. Based on the results obtained, it could be said that in the Santa Rita locality of the Píllaro canton there is a greater bacterial biodiversity. It would be very interesting if each of the isolates obtained is used for research that seeks the creation of bio-inputs for this type of staple crop in the diet of the population.