Evaluación del yodo agrícola y el ácido salicílico en el manejo de Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum. en tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum CAV.)

Abstract

The tree tomato (Solanum betaceum CAV.) is an economically important fruit, which is dispersed in Andean countries such as Chile, Ecuador, Bolivia, Brazil and Colombia, they are cultivated in cold-temperate climate zones at temperatures ranging from between 14 and 20 o C, its fruits have become so popular that they are marketed for the preparation of jams, ice creams and their consumption in drinks such as juice or smoothies; This fruit crop is considered one of the most profitable in Ecuador, even exporting to foreign countries such as the United States, Spain, France, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. One of the problems that tree tomato production entails is the high incidence of (Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum) is a bacterium associated with the "Permanent Tomato" (PT) disease that causes great damage to tomato production, it is an endosymbiont secondary in Bactericera cockerelli Sulc (Bc) and has been associated with three of the most important diseases of Solanaceae. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out studies on strategies for the increase and optimal yield of this fruit, since it is a crop that faces certain limitations during its production related to the climate, in the case of droughts or frosts and the fight against pests, taking Keep in mind that because it is solanaceous and is immersed in potato plantations, it shows susceptibility to viral diseases in the foliage, hence the importance of finding alternatives to reduce the incidence of pests and the use of toxic agrochemicals, for the development of the Following the investigation, an evaluation of the agronomic reaction of the tree tomato crop was carried out with the application of salicylic acid and iodine in three doses: 2 ml, 2.5 ml and 3 ml every 7 days, for 21 days, where, the P1D2, P1D3, P2D2 and P2D3 doses yielded a favorable result, showing plants with greater vigor and increased leaf area.