Resistencia bacteriana de Escherichia coli uropatogénica en pacientes ambulatorios

Abstract

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is undoubtedly one of the greatest current public health problems since these compounds constitute one of the main tools to control and treat bacterial infections, both in human and veterinary medicine. Objective: To determine the bacterial resistance of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in outpatients attending the Microbiology laboratory of Hospital Básico Baeza in the period January-December 2020. Methodology: Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study, in which the characteristics of antimicrobial resistance of uropathogenic Escherichia coli were described, without using value judgments and in pursuit of high levels of objectivity and retrospective, because we studied at a given time different age groups, female and male outpatients, during the period January-December 2020. Results: We analyzed 169 positive urine culture results from outpatients of both sexes, of different ages with a diagnosis of urinary tract infection. The most frequently isolated microorganisms were: Escherichia coli (80.1 %) followed by Enterococcus faecalis (3.8 %) and Proteus mirabilis (3.3 %). As for the antimicrobial resistance profiles expressed as percentage of resistance for E. coli were: (70.8 %) ampicillin, (53.7) nalidixic acid and (48.8%) amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, (44.0%) trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole and (34.3%) ciprofloxacin. 12.4% of Escherichia coli were extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers. Sensitivity of Escherichia coli to nitrofurantoin (92.1%), ampicillin-sulbactam (90.4%) and fosfomycin (87.1%). Conclusions: The recommended treatment for first- line empirical treatment is nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin and second-line cephalexin and cefuroxime for uncomplicated urinary tract infection. With this information, it is proposed to make a Clinical Guide for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection in the study locality.