Evaluación del índice de producción lechera en vacas mediante dos sistemas de pastoreo con/sin suplementación de diatomeas

Abstract

In this research work, the index of milk production in cows was evaluated through the application of two grazing systems (traditional rope grazing and Voisin rational grazing) with and without diatom supplementation. 24 cows were used, which were grouped into two blocks, block I (12 medium producing cows) and block II (12 low producing cows) which, 6 animals from block I and 6 animals from block II received daily supplementation of diatom and the remaining 12 cows were not administered the diatom. Each day, 6 medium-producing cows and 6 low-producing cows were subjected to traditional rope grazing and the other 12 cows were fed on the pastures belonging to traditional Voisin grazing, with an investigation carried out in 73 days. The results showed that there were significant differences in the amount of production, in block I, with an average of 8.60 liters of milk per day and in block II, with an average of 4.04 liters of milk per day, on the other hand. daily diatom supplementation did not influence the increase in milk production. In Voisin rational grazing, the animals consumed dry matter an average of 77.69 kg DM/day/treatment, compared to the consumption of dry matter in traditional grazing with rope, which was 39.95 kg DM/day/treatment. The heights of the pastures before grazing, reflected that there was no difference, but the height of the residues of the pastures after grazing if there were changes, because the residual height of the pastures in traditional grazing with rope was 15.35 cm and Voisin rational grazing was 13.22 cm, with greater residual waste and over-trampling of pastures. Regarding the production costs per liter of milk, they showed that there was variation, because when traditional grazing was applied to the rope, the cost per liter of milk production was $0.37 cents, contrary to the Voisin rational grazing that it had a cost of $0.32 cents per liter of milk, already showing economic profitability for the SILLAGUAN farm. Finally, it is concluded that diatom supplementation did not cause changes in the amount of milk production, but the application of Voisin rational grazing provided advantages in dry matter intake, less forage waste and reduced production costs per liter of milk. milk.