Establecimiento in vitro de plantas de arándanos variedad Biloxi (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) en el medio WPM

Abstract

The present investigation was developed with the purpose of determining how several factors influence the establishment and contamination in vitro of blueberries Biloxi variety, among which we can mention consistency of the medium, origin of the explant, frequency of subculture, type and concentration of auxins and cytokinins, light conditions, type of antioxidant, type of flask and gelling agent. A completely randomized design was used. For the evaluation of the different treatments, the WPM culture medium was used, explants from the plant bank of the FCAGP of the UTA and from the greenhouse were those that presented the highest percentage of survival during the 29 days of evaluation. Regarding the trial carried out with the type and concentration of auxins such as AIA, AIB and ANA, it was determined that there were no significant statistical differences between the treatments evaluated in terms of the variable of percentage of establishment and contamination. In the case of the trial with cytokinins, the best result with THIDIAZURON presented at a concentration of 0.05 ppm and 2-iP with a concentration of 3 ppm, the size of the shoots was superior to the other treatments evaluated. The light conditions that showed the best results were fluorescent white light and photoperiod 1 (24 h fluorescent white light/ 24 h darkness). The use of antioxidants such as citric acid and cysteine at 0.05 g showed greater shoot growth, which was the opposite of what happened when ascorbic acid was used, the shoots showed necrosis 22 days after establishment. Finally, the factors consistency of the medium, frequency of subculture and type of flask did not show significant statistical differences between the treatments evaluated in the percentage of establishment and contamination in the in vitro establishment of nodal segments.