Plan de ejercicios de equilibrio y coordinación para evitar caídas en el adulto mayor

Abstract

Considering that over the years, the elderly present various health states, where falls is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality caused by loss of balance and decreased mobility, causing development in the elderly from disabling diseases and even death; In addition, it represents high social health expenses; that can be avoided and reduced by means of an adequate intervention, it was proposed to analyze the effects of a balance and coordination exercise plan on the frequency of falls in the elderly, and the level of dependence they present. Therefore, a quasi-experimental study was carried out in 23 Ecuadorian older adults between 65 and 85 years of age; under a longitudinal design with two measurements before and after the intervention; A systematic review was carried out in databases such as PubMed, PEDro, Scielo, Medline, Medigraphic, and Science Direct, where 50 articles were obtained from keywords and from these 20 eligible scientific articles that supported the exercise plan, to determine The effectiveness of the exercise plan was evaluated for the risk of falls with the Tinetti scale and the Times Up and Go test (TUG); while the level of dependency was evaluated with the Barthel index. The data obtained were tabulated and statistically analyzed for the verification of the hypothesis through the statistical program SPSS V22 from IBM, finding significant differences before and after the intervention in the Tinetti scale (0.001) and in the Barthel index (0.046). ; while in the TUG test there were no significant differences. Being able to conclude that coordination and balance exercises are effective in preventing the risk of falls in this group of older adults