“Indice de masa corporal (imc) como factor de riesgo de insulinorresistencia en niños y adolescentes con sobrepeso y obesidad”

Abstract

One of the main health problems nowadays is obesity, it is defined as the increase of fat in a general or specific area which manifests itself in a high weight value when it is compared to other people of the same age and gender. Obesity is determined by a relationship between weight and height obtaining the body mass index. (BMI). The insulin-resistance is a health problem that is also related to obesity and overweight. Due to the fact that insulin cannot produce an appropriate biological response to the cells. Causing a decrease of its action in the metabolic control of glucose after eating a meal. The objective of this investigation is to analyze the relationship between the mass body index (MBI) and the insulin-resistance in children and teenagers with overweight and obesity in the city of Ambato. This study was descriptive, cross-sectional, with a qualitative and quantitative, character there were 60 participants, 31 were women (51,7%) and 29 men (48.3%). They were between the ages of 5 to 19 years old. The results through the MBI showed that 20 people had a normal nutritional status; however, 17 had obesity and 23 overweight. In order to determine the serum values of glucose and insulin, blood tests were made and they showed insulin-resistance by applying the HOMAR-IR formula. The majority of the participants obtained normal serum value of glucose and insulin; and however 30 % of the participants were found to be insulin resistant. The results revealed that high intakes of fat, carbohydrates and little physical activity, as well as, sedentism directly influences the nutritional status of children and teenagers. Nevertheless, there was not a significant relationship between the nutritional status of obesity and overweight with the resistance of insulin in the pediatric population of this study. Thus, the null hypothesis that states ‘The MBI is not a risk factor to develop insulin resistance in children and teenagers with overweight and obesity in the city of Ambato’ is accepted.