Evaluación de las propiedades mecánicas, funcionales y microbiológicas, de contenedores elaborados a partir de recursos agroindustriales infrautilizados de la industria bananera

Abstract

The use of green banana peel and pulp in the production of bioplastics represents a sustainable alternative to conventional plastics. These agro-industrial residues contain high levels of starch, cellulose, and lignin, which provide useful mechanical properties for manufacturing trays, utensils, and containers. The production process consists of four stages: drying, grinding, mixing with natural additives, and thermal molding. Despite their hydrophilic nature, which may affect strength in humid environments, various techniques have been developed to improve durability and reduce moisture sensitivity. Functional properties such as solubility and water absorption be contingent on the formulation and type of plasticizer used, while heat resistance varies according to the type of starch and the process applied. From a microbiological standpoint, the containers must meet health standards to ensure food safety, as established by MINSA 461 regulations. In this context, banana-based bioplastics not only offer a technically viable solution but also have a positive ecological impact. Pollution from synthetic plastics has caused global environmental crises due to their slow degradation and accumulation in ecosystems. The implementation of biodegradable materials derived from bananas offers an agro-industrial alternative to reduce waste, promote the circular economy, and protect the environment. This proposal aligns with sustainability goals and represents an opportunity to transform agricultural waste into useful and environmentally responsible products.