Evaluación de productos alternativos para el manejo de mildiu velloso (Peronospora destructor) en el cultivo de cebolla (Allium cepa L.)

Abstract

In this country, the bulb onion (Allium cepa L.) is considered one of the most important traditional crops in the agricultural economy. However, the presence of diseases such as downy mildew (Peronospora destructor) has caused significant losses in crop production and quality. Therefore, it is very important to find ways to protect the traditional crops against pests and diseases without damaging the soil, water or the environment in general. This is crucial to reduce pollution that affects plants, animals and therefore humans. There is a necessity to look for new alternatives to improve this control in bulb onions while being environmentally friendly. The present research is based on the effectiveness of two organic products to control of downy mildew (Peronospora destructor) in onion crops (Allium cepa L.). A completely randomized block design was used with (DBCA), with group analysis of treatments with 3 repetitions. In addition, 5% Tukey tests were performed to understand averages. The variables to be evaluated were incidence percentage, severity percentage, weight and performance. The products to be used were Atlante (P1) and horsetail extract (P2). The Atlante product in a dose of 10.5cc/l (D3) demonstrated the best results in reducing incidence and severity, presenting values of 23.95% in incidence and 11.57% in severity. Due to the fact that the Atlante product is a liquid fertilizer that contains phosphorus and potassium presented in the form of potassium phosphate, which helps stimulate phytoalexins that are like its natural defense system against phytopathogenic fungi. Meanwhile, in the baton showed a greater increase in the disease because no product was applied. Also, the plants treated with Atlante (10.5 cc/L) grew better and produced bigger bulbs, with an average weight of 183.93g. This led to the best yields, averaging 9.36 kg per treatment. Keywords: dose, Atlante, horsetail extract, pathogen, incidence and severiy.