Ácido úrico como biomarcador predictivo de la preeclampsia

Abstract

Preeclampsia is a hypertensive complication of pregnancy, which is associated with high levels of maternal and fetal morbidity. About 5 to 8% of pregnancies are affected by this gestational disorder. Renal, cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic, neurologic dysfunction; hematologic disorders; fetal growth restriction; stillbirth; and maternal death are the serious complications that can occur in preeclampsia. Hyperuricemia is a biomarker that shows the progression of gestational hypertension and the risk of fetal and maternal complications as it induces the release of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β and IL6. According to different investigations, authors indicate that high uric acid levels were notable in the second trimester in women who developed preeclampsia. Investigators estimate concentrations reported to be 6.08 ± 0.49 mg/dL versus 5.20 ± 0.19 mg/dL, and emphasize that at least 25.9% of hyperuricemic preeclamptic women (>6 mg/dL) were referred to the special care unit. The present study aims to collect current information with the purpose of clarifying the role of uric acid as a predictive biomarker in preeclampsia, in order to determine its diagnostic value in this gestational complication.