Programa de pausas activas como estrategia en el manejo de la sintomatología musculoesquelética en el personal de oficina

Abstract

The working day entails a lot of downtime for the worker, causing from slight discomfort, recurring pain to temporary and permanent injuries that represent a high socio-sanitary expense; It also has a great economic impact for the company. Thus, the evidence recommends active breaks (PA) as an effective and economical tool to reduce the effects of occupational risks, but there is no specific exercise program or structure according to the needs of each field or work context. Thus, it was proposed to design a program of active breaks as a strategy in the management of musculoskeletal symptoms in office personnel; Through a study of observations of longitudinal type and quantitative approach, to 26 workers of the Ecuadorian Red Cross Provincial Board of Pichincha. From the review of the literature and an evaluation with the Nordic Standardized Questionnaire and the EVA scale, the appropriate exercises for the population and their dosage were established, designing a program, which was validated by the judgment of three experts and content validation coefficient calculation (CVC), for its application during 8 weeks, with a frequency of 3 times a week, and a time of 20 min for session. The results revealed a greater frequency of discomfort in the neck, shoulders and thoracolumbar region, a decrease in musculoskeletal symptoms in frequency, duration, and intensity of both clinical and statistical pain (p=0.000). In this way, it is concluded that a program of active breaks based on Yoga has effects on the musculoskeletal symptoms of office workers.