Habilidades sociales y su relación con el riesgo suicida en adolescentes

Abstract

Social skills are a set of specific skills to competently execute interpersonal activities in a respectful and mutually satisfactory manner, which can influence the well-being of individuals at the physical, psychological, emotional and behavioral levels; their scarcity or inhibition can trigger negative behaviors such as suicidal risk. For this reason, the present research aimed to determine the relationship between the level of social skills and suicidal risk. The research methodology was non-experimental with a quantitative approach, with a cross-sectional design and correlational type, in a sample of 153 adolescents of first and second year of high school, aged between 15 and 18 years, of both sexes, students of the Bolivar Educational Unit of the city of Ambato. For the evaluation of the variables, the following psychological instruments were applied Gismero's Social Skills Scale (EHS) to determine the levels of social skills and Plutchik's Suicide Risk Scale (RS) to identify the presence of suicidal risk. The analysis of the results was performed with the Jamovi graphical interface, using Spearman's Rho test, it was possible to determine that there is a low inverse correlation between social skills and suicidal risk (Rho= -0.463, p<0.05), thus accepting the alternative hypothesis. In relation to the social skills of the participants, it was found that the predominant level is low with 62.7%, likewise in the suicidal risk there was a marked prevalence of absence of suicidal intentionality corresponding to 58.8%. Regarding the comparison of social skills between the sex of the participants, it was found that there were no statistically significant differences between men (M=82.7) and women (M=78.8), therefore the sample of this study is homogeneous. A limitation considered within this study was access to interviews with parents, which could hinder future studies.