Evaluación del efecto de los hongos shitakke (Lentinula edodes) como alternativa en la prevención de micotoxicosis en cobayos (Cavia porcellus)

Abstract

The ingestion of mycotoxins is a common problem in animals that receive stored feed, which damages their immune and hemodynamic systems, among others, and even decreases the animal's capacity to take advantage of the feed and in worse cases causes death, Therefore, several methods are currently being used to prevent or reduce the impact. A total of 120 male guinea pigs of about 10 to 13 days of age were randomly distributed to receive 3 types of diet (treatments) and variables such as feed intake (CAT), weight gain (GP), feed conversion (CA), mortality and morbidity index (IMyMO), necropsy and histopathological examination were evaluated, mortality and morbidity index (MI y MO), as well as necropsy and histopathological examination. The diets respond to the following treatments, T1; control group, 110g alfalfa/animal/day+30g commercial feed/animal/day. T2; 110g alfalfa/animal/day+30g commercial feed/animal/day+300mg ascorbic acid per 140g feed. T3; 110g alfalfa/animal/day + 30g commercial feed/animal/day + 3% Shitakke mushrooms (Lentinula edodes) of the total feed. In each treatment at 18h00, corn contaminated (40 g/day/animal) with mycotoxins (Zearalenone (ZEA), deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisins B1 and B2 (FB1 and FB2) was administered. The inclusion of Shitakke fungi (T3) significantly improved variables such as GDP, ADC, CA, IMyMo, as well as the state of the organs at the macroscopic and microscopic level compared to T1, while with T2, the difference was only in the state of the organs This suggests that the addition of L. edodes has a positive effect on the ingestion of ZEA, DON, FB1 and FB2, showing itself as an option to prevent the effects of mycotoxins to a certain degree.