Infecciones bacterianas del tracto urinario en mujeres embarazadas

Abstract

Urinary tract infections are the main cause of medical attention in pregnant patients. The prevalence in these women is higher due to different changes that they undergo in this period of time. Objectives. Determine the most frequent causative agents, the main laboratory tests used, as well as the risks and complications caused by urinary tract infections. Methods. This is a non-experimental documentary research where studies carried out between 2018 and 2022 on urinary tract infections in pregnant women were reviewed. Results. 11 publications were registered where it was identified that the most frequent causative agent that occurs is Escherichia coli followed by Klebsiella, the gold standard laboratory test used in the diagnosis is urine culture, the risks and complications reported by these investigations are childbirth preterm, acute pyelonephritis, low birth weight, threatened abortion, cystitis, nocturia, and pollakiuria. Conclusions. Escherichia coli is the main causative agent. Urine culture is the primary laboratory test for diagnosis. Preterm delivery, pyelonephritis, cystitis and low birth weight are the main risks and complications of urinary tract infections in pregnant patients.