Microtuberización in vitro de Solanum tuberosum L. Var. Superchola

Abstract

The research was carried out in the Laboratory Plant Biotechnology at the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the Technical University of Ambato, whose purpose was to evaluate the effect of MS salts, growth regulators and sucrose in the in vitro microtuberization of Solanum tuberosum L. Var. Superchola. For microtuberization, the culture medium was prepared with the different concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 50, 75 and 100 % of MS salts (Murashige and Skoog), sucrose 30 g. L -1 and agar 7 g. L -1; MS + 0, 2, 4 and 6 mg. L-1 of Kinetina; MS + 0, 2.3, 2.5, 2.7 mg. L1 of 6-BAP; DM + 0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 mg. L-1 of AG3; DM + 0, 6, 8 and 10 % sucrose. The variables evaluated were: the plant height, number of leaves, number of nodes, number of microtubers, microtuber diameter, microtuber longitude, number of shoots for microtuber, fresh mass, dry mass and the relation of fresh mass/dry mass. The concentrations of MS salts of 75 and 100 % at 21 and 28 days after planting obtained a greater plant height, also for the number of leaves with the exception of 50 % had a greater number for this variable and the number of nodes in all concentrations increased except the control. With respect to the concentration and type of phytohormone, Kinetin at 28 days in the control increased plant height; however, there were no significant differences between the other variables. The best treatment in the number of microtubers at 75 and 90 days after planting was 2.5 mg. L-1 of BAP, reaching an average range of 15.60 respectively. The concentrations of AG3 over the production of microtubers did not show significant statistical differences. The addition of sucrose to the culture medium MS at all concentrations increased plant height, number of leaves and number of nodes.