Detección precoz de la encefalopatía hepática de cambios mínimos en pacientes con cirrosis

Abstract

Minimal change hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is a maximum reversible subclinical neurocognitive precedent that can occur in patients with acute or chronic liver disease such as Liver Cirrhosis (HC). The pathophysiology is due to hyperammonemia and its passage through the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB), its metabolism to glutamine in astrocytes, triggering a persistent inflammatory response, which is the basis of a series of neuropsychological alterations that fail the quality of patient's life, so may also develop episodic hepatic encephalopathy. Its clinical diagnosis is unlikely, so it is essential to know the non-invasive diagnostic methods that guide towards this pathology and can intervene in a timely manner. For the present work, 31 scientific publications from different updated databases, published in the last 5 years, were used, which allowed describing the main diagnostic methods of minimal change hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients, since their identification will avoid complications and sequelae. that put the lives of patients at risk, which is why the main neuropsychometric tests that will evaluate the different aspects of cognitive and visual function in cirrhotic patients are detailed, such as: the psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES), the test of inhibitory control (ICT), the continuous reaction test, the Stroop test and the animal naming test, mainly. The easy accessibility and development of these diagnostic methods would reduce the morbidity and mortality caused by this pathology in patients with chronic liver disease