Riesgo ergonómico -psicosocial en los trabajadores de la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito “Oscus” Ltda. Edificio Matriz

Abstract

The increasing labor development, causes that nowadays financial institutions are immersed in the problems derived from psychosocial risks, generating different inconveniences in the worker's health, such is the case of musculoskeletal disorders, which are caused by the mental stress of labor activities, triggering an increase in muscular tension. This project was developed under a bibliographic type of research modality, since resources such as books, academic articles, among others, were used. Field, because the data were collected in the institution and applied, since the knowledge is related to the Industrial Engineering career. The research began with the identification of psychosocial risk factors, obtaining a total of 6 among the most critical. In the risk estimation it was found that most of the factors were between moderate and important. For the risk assessment it was determined that 6 psychosocial dimensions are in unfavorable and intermediate situation. The body areas that cause the most problems were also determined, with the neck being the main one with 82.9% of the respondents. Subsequently, the associativity of psychosocial risk factors and musculoskeletal discomfort was evaluated by means of the Chi-square test and Fisher's Exact test, obtaining that there is a direct relationship between 14 psychosocial dimensions and the 5 different body areas. These formed a list of 34 specific relationships. From this list, the neck predominates (38.24%) in the body zones, and as for the psychosocial dimensions, Quality of leadership (14.71%) predominates, followed by Emotional demands, Demands to hide emotions, Social support from peers and Group feeling. The remaining ones have lower percentages. Finally, a control proposal was put forward to improve the current working conditions and provide an adequate working environment for the workers.