Evaluación de sustratos orgánicos para la producción de plántulas de brócoli (Brassica oleracea Var. Itálica)

Abstract

The research work was carried out under conditions of plastic cover, the purpose was to evaluate the effect of the litter substrate or soil of leaves with the mixtures of organic matter from different sources (humus and compost) for the growth of broccoli seedlings (Brassica oleracea italic variety). The methodology used was four treatments (peat, litter substrate, mixtures with humus and compost) in a complete random design (DCA), the variables evaluated were: percentage of germination, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves , length and root volume, costs per treatment, in the results obtained it was considered that: peat (commercial substrate) is inferior to the rest of the substrates used in the trial because it presents low results in plant height with 11.07 cm, length and volume radicular, number of leaves and stem diameter with 2.18 mm at 30 days after planting, except for germination, which presented an optimal germination of 99.38%; meanwhile, the organic substrates such as the litter substrate and its mixtures with humus and compost appeared the best results with 99.40% in germination, 11.60 cm in plant height, stem diameter with 3.26 mm . Taking into account the performance of the plants in the different agronomic variables evaluated and the financial analysis carried out, the substrates T1, T2 and T3 offer the best results for the production of broccoli seedlings at the greenhouse level. In the case of cost of production per seedling in the treatments there is an acceptable margin of profitability, especially in litter substrates with the addition of organic supplements, because they generate $1.64 while peat presents $1.59 considering that the broccoli seedling production activity it is economically viable