Análisis multitemporal de la dinámica de uso de suelo y cobertura vegetal en la microcuenca del Río Illangama

Abstract

The objective of this research was to carry out a multi-temporal analysis of the dynamics of land use and vegetation cover for the period 1996-2021 of the Illangama River microbasin, its social and environmental impact, for its sustainable development. The methodology used was non-experimental, it had a qualitative study approach with a descriptive scope. The supervised classification of Landsat satellite images was carried out, with six classes, taken into account of the Methodological Protocol for the elaboration of the land cover and use map of Continental Ecuador. The Normalized Differential Vegetation Index in 1996 the low value was -0.41 and the high value 0.48, while in 2021 the low value was -0.7 and the high value 0. .54. The populated area from 1996 to 2021 in the Illangama River micro-basin decreased by 8.1%, likewise, there was a 2.3% reduction in the area without vegetation cover. It was determined that, from the first to the second study, the páramo area has grown by 2.5%, mainly in the upper area of the microbasin. The native forest cover grew by 1.9%, the agricultural mosaic by 4.1%, and the shrub and herbaceous vegetation by 1.8% During the time span of 25 years, the type of dense and sparse vegetation has been lost in the micro-basin, however, has increased the number of water reservoirs. The population was mostly dedicated to agriculture, expanding their crops and homes towards the upper basin, however, due to greater conservation strategies for both páramos and forests, these activities have been controlled. The communities that are still present in the study micro-basin are Carbón Chinipamba, Padre Rumi, Pucará Pamba, Quindigua Alto and Quishuar.