Percepción de riesgos psicosociales y su incidencia en los trastornos por carga mental, en el personal médico de atención primaria, de los centros de salud, pertenecientes al distrito salud 18d02 del cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua, en el año 2019

Abstract

The socio-economic development has seen a change in the way an employee carries out their activities. In some parts of the world, this means more people working in services and in fewer industries. At the same time, understanding of complex health problems has grown, particularly around illness or mental disorders related to psychosocial risks. To determine the incidence of psychosocial risk factors and their relationship with the appearance of mental load disorders in primary health care physicians. It is hypothesized that the primary care personnel of these units could perceive psychosocial risks and this would be reflected in their mental burden. Through a quantitative study with a descriptive, cross-sectional and comparative design, 84 primary care servers from 12 health centers were counted. The instruments that were used were: (a) Questionnaire for psychosocial evaluation in work spaces; (b) Stress perception scale. Results indicate that 67% of the participants perceive a high level of exposure to psychosocial risks. In this way, a medium-high level of global mental load was obtained, whereas the highest risk dimension corresponds to workplace bullying thus generating a higher level of stress in the female gender. It was concluded that healthcare workers, who work on the front lines, perceive psychosocial factors that affect their health as well as mental overload, which causes a constant conflict in their daily lives.