Determinación del estatus epidemiológico para nemátodos y céstodos gastrointestinales en caninos del cantón Cevallos

Abstract

This research was carried out in Cevallos, in the province of Tungurahua, in order to establish an epidemiological status for gastrointestinal nematodes and cestodes in canines; Where the prevalence of these parasites, parasitic zoonoses and risk factors at the time of infection were identified. For the determination of the sample, the children of 6-10 years old (641 children) of the Pedro Fermin Cevallos Educational Unit were taken as population population, applying the sample formula we obtained 175 children to whom analysis was performed Coproparasites in order to determine the existence of parasitic zoonoses; These analyzes resulted in the presence of the canine gastrointestinal nematode Trichuris vulpis in an 8-year-old child; It is possible to indicate that in addition they were several parasites own of the humans. Subsequently, for the identification of the prevalence of nematodes and cestodes, 256 samples of canine faeces were analyzed, the selection of canines was according to the number of dogs each child had / analyzed, showing the nematode Toxocara canis as the parasite With a higher prevalence with 57.42%, followed by the Echinococcus granulosus cactus, with 11.71%, then with 2.34% is the nematode Trichuris vulpis and finally the nematode Strongyloides with a percentage of 1.17%. In addition, the presence of Cystoisospora canis (10.94%) and Entamoeba coli (4.30%) was found, highlighting the latter as a common parasite in humans. For the identification of risk factors at the time of the contagion, surveys were conducted that allowed to emphasize as a risk factor with greater statistical significance, both for the children and for the canines to deworming outside the recommended time, with emphasis on The results of the Percent attributable Risk calculation indicate that if this risk factor were eliminated, the presence of parasitiasis would be reduced by 54% and 84%, respectively. Key words: Epidemiological Status, Nematodes, Cestodes, Zoonoses, Prevalence, Risk Factors.