Modelo de gestión del riesgo operacional para la mejora de la eficiencia en la industria de lavado de textiles

Abstract

The research project focused on the design of an operational risk management model applying techniques and tools with the aim of improving the efficiency of operational processes. The main defects that affect the organization are the lack of standardization and the lack of controls and indicators that allow determining the productivity and efficiency of the production process, these defects have negative consequences such as inadequate production management, greater variability in the results obtained which causes a significant impact on the quality of the product; in addition, they generate a certain degree of ignorance of the functions and responsibilities of the staff due to the lack of documented information and prevent compliance with deadlines for delivery of production orders to customers. Consequently, an analysis of the current situation of Equatintex company has been carried out identifying all the processes of the organization to later classify them based on their role and their hierarchical level to prepare the process map; additionally, an ABC diagram was made in order to identify the service that represents the greater amount of economic income; on the other hand, process sheets were prepared to determine the elements and various factors involved in the production chain. The time study was carried out in order o initiate the standardization process in the organization through the selection of the qualified operator, the performance rating applying the Westinghouse system, the calculation of the normal time, the determination of the supplements and the establishment of the standard time. Next, the design of an operational risk management model was carried out based on the ISO:31000 2018 Risk management - guidelines standard; which contemplates the selection of critical processes with a multicriteria matrix, identification, analysis and assessment of operational risks through checklists and the application of the failure modes and effects analysis methodology (AMFE) with which improvement actions were proposed to the failures with the highest risk priority index (RPI). Finally, the treatment of the identified risks is proposed through the analysis of the cycle time, realization of man-machine diagrams, creation of procedures and work instructions, formulation of indicators, development of maintenance plans for each machine, proposals for automation of the systems; lastly, the flowcharts were modeled in the Bizagi Modeler software in order to balance the production lines and improve the efficiency of the organization.