Factores de la calidad del servicio y su efecto en la competitividad en los cuatro bancos con mayores activos del Ecuador

Abstract

The factors of quality in the service are fundamental elements in the effective development of financial institutions, the correct conception and application of the term accompanied by functional strategies allows to reach a higher level of competitiveness. The present study focuses on the four banks with the largest assets of Ecuador; the generation of added value in the service is the differentiator that allows to consolidate financial relationships. The perception of the client against the level of expectation of the service received creates a range of vulnerability, since not being attended to in due time could cause the levels of detractors to increase, as well as the number of claims and requirements, causing a greater expenditure of resources and finally, the customer's untying with the entity. The analysis of the SERVQUAL quality model allowed us to study the five dimensions: reliability, security, tangible elements, responsiveness and empathy and, in turn, identify the level of expectation versus perception. Through mathematical weights, it was possible to demonstrate which is the dimension that causes the greatest influence on the client's perception, to focus more specific efforts and correct deficiencies that reduce the dissatisfaction gap preventing these errors from being identified by the competition and becoming in a threat that affects the entity. The development of conceptualizations facilitated the understanding of the present investigative process, by means of the use of quantitative tools and statistical analysis obtained with the SPSS tool, it was possible to demonstrate the level of correlation of the variables. For the competitiveness analysis we used financial data for the year 2017, comparing the institutional data was based on the Panzar and Rosse model. Finally, the identification of the dimensions clarifies the panorama within the financial institutions and the opportunities for improvement. It is important to emphasize that banks maintain a very close competition, and that the continuous monitoring and improvement of processes results in long-term relationships with the client, consolidated with a greater placement of financial products, and therefore reflected in economic returns for the clients Banks.