Posturas forzadas y su incidencia en las afecciones del aparato locomotor en los técnicos que realizan mantenimiento de motores de la empresa AUTOMEKANO Cía. Ltda

Abstract

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The present descriptive cross-sectional research had as purpose to perform an ergonomic evaluation that attended biomechanical variables in the Mechanical Workshop of the company AUTOMEKANO CIA LTDA. The interaction of the worker with the tools used in the activities of the evaluated area was observed. Ergonomic evaluation methods were applied for forced postures, manual manipulation of loads, repetitive movements: OWAS, REBA, RULA, SNOCK CIRELLO, INSHT. . Ten technicians exposed to activities outside a safety zone in the healthy functioning of the upper limbs. The repetitive movements in short cycles and the working posture are the elements that showed high risk indexes. The activities of assembly, motor disassembly, adjustment and misalignment of upper and intermediate parts are activities that generate forced postures and repetitive movements in upper limbs. It was detected that the assembly and disassembly of engine parts presents a high risk in Manual Handling of Loads. It is recommended to implement the designed mechanical tool; which is affordable cost adaptable to the physical characteristics of the worker and can be built by the staff of the company as a medium-term project: in activities that have generated high values in the risk indexes. In the short term, it is recommended to reorganize the work area, the distribution and cyclical rotation of the personnel in the different activities of the area, to apply the planned breaks to rest and to change of activity and thus reduce the repetitive exposure and of forced positions prolonged by activity. It is important to avoid exposure to compromised postures and excessive weight loading when dismantling engine parts.