Identificación de parásitos entéricos zoonóticos en perros que frecuentan el 'Cani Park' de la ciudad de Ambato

Abstract

The study conducted at Ambato's 'Cani Park' aimed to identify zoonotic enteric parasites in dogs through coproparasitological analysis. The methodology employed included the use of the Faust technique with Zinc Sulfate and the McMaster chamber for the detection of parasites such as Ancylostoma caninum, Toxocara canis, Dipylidium caninum, and Trichuris vulpis, along with their respective parasitic loads. The collection of fecal samples was carried out meticulously, distinguishing between feces dispersed in the environment and those belonging to owned dogs. Statistical methods played a pivotal role in this research, involving quantitative analyses that included the application of the Student's t-test and the chi-square test. These analyses were conducted using statistical tools such as Microsoft Excel and Infostat. Regarding the results obtained, it was found that 51.20% of the collected samples tested positive for the presence of parasites. The average egg count per gram of feces (h.p.g.) was 430, indicating a moderate parasitic infestation in the canine population of the park. Significantly elevated parasitic loads of Ancylostoma caninum and Toxocara canis were prominent, highlighting a substantial zoonotic risk, especially in scattered feces. No significant differences in parasitic loads were observed based on the dogs' sex or breed; however, a higher load was recorded in puppies compared to adult dogs. Additionally, a concerning lack of awareness about zoonosis and hygiene practices was identified among 'Cani Park' users, with 87% of the surveyed individuals lacking knowledge in these fundamental aspects. Despite the negligence in pet deworming, there was a general willingness to participate in educational programs that could contribute to addressing these deficiencies. Keywords: Faust technique, Ancylostoma caninum, Toxocara canis, Dipylidium caninum, Trichuris vulpis.