Estudio para la optimización del proceso de soldadura de aluminio, aplicado en la reconstrucción de cabezotes de vehículos, en la rectificadora de Motores M. Noboa

Abstract

This research involves parts from automotive areas, combining several TIG welding parameters, such as: amperage, gas action times, cleaning of the aluminum surface and cleaning by electrical method; obtaining values of hardness and tensile strength, because these parts are of thermal use and precision so they do not require excessive modifications, non-destructive tests were used, this in order to keep intact the aluminum head. The study was carried out in collaboration with the workshops of the M. Noboa rectifier in the city of Ambato. To carry out the experiments, a Taguchi design was used, the welding process was generated with the help of an operator with the objective of improving the technique and the regulation of TIG welding parameters, analyzing the conditions in which the equipment can work correctly giving good results in repairing the material. Brinell hardness analysis was performed, suitable for non-ferrous materials according to ASTM standards, providing hardness values and obtaining properties such as tensile strength, keeping the base material in a good condition. To evaluate the complete repair in the different combinations of parameters, penetrating inks were used, together with the AWS D1.2 code that contains acceptance and rejection criteria for aluminum welding joints, being this a reference, and repair welding was used, which simultaneously with the grinding process gives us a complete repair in the aluminum heads.