Optimización de rutas para la recolección de residuos sólidos del Cantón Latacunga

Abstract

ABSTRACT This research project proposes a routing vehicles with limited capacity (CVRP) methodology, focused on optimizing the current routes of solid waste collection and transportation process loaded by the public cleaning and environmental management company (EPAGAL), which minimizes the operating costs of each route. Initially, activities that are involved in the collection and transport of solid waste are identified, later an analysis of the current situation of the company's routes is carried out, through the collection of information with a GPS, in this way the problem of interest and the mathematical model that represents the solid waste transport problem with its respective restrictions are formulated, then a computer-based procedure is developed, using an exact heuristic for elimination of subtour from Miller Tucker Zemlin (MTZ), to determine a solution to the problem from the model, using the ILOG CPEX Optimization Studio optimization software. Finally, the study defines an optimized distribution system of routes for collection of solid waste with the minimum operating cost, which proposes the application of the model that has been determined in the research, where an average saving of 30.81 percent is obtained that would be the theoretical saving and while the average real saving is 11.51 percent. This is due to the fact that in real life these distances are subject to geographical accidents that make a theoretical approach "in a straight line" totally unreal, therefore all the parameters of the system must be contrasted with an online map provider that returns real data. of the route, in this way the real efficiency of the route that the transport will carry out is ensured. Furthermore, optimization streamlines the work of collecting and transporting solid waste, reduces overtime and reduces environmental impact.