La adición de bolsas plásticas en la elaboración de bloques alivianados para viviendas unifamiliares y su efecto en la variación de temperatura y acondicionamiento acústico en el cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua

Abstract

The present experimental work evaluated the use of the crushed plastic bags in the manufacture of relieved blocks, to determine the variation of temperature and acoustic conditioning. In the first place, a material dosage was elaborated in which the coarse aggregate was replaced by 15%, 25%, 50% and 75% of plastic bags crushed, which was used to make the blocks. The blocks were tested under compression, in which it was found that the block with 15% of crushed plastic bags obtained a compression resistance value of 3.78 Mpa which reveals that meets the minimum value of 3.5 Mpa of compressive strength proposed by Standard NTE INEN 3066. Then, walls were made with the blocks, which were placed inside a chamber to evaluate the temperature variation and acoustic conditioning by temperature and sound sensors, and the Xplorer GLX equipment, where it was proved that the wall with 50% of crushed of plastic bags presents the best temperature variation with an insulation of 34.91 ºC and the wall with 15% presents the best acoustic conditioning with 47.35 dBA. Finally, it was concluded that the block with 15% of crushed plastic bags presents the best performance in terms of compression resistance, temperature variation, and acoustic conditioning to be used in single-family homes in Ambato canton, Tungurahua province.