Taxonomía polifásica de actinomicetes útiles en biotecnología

Abstract

Thirty strains of actinomycetes isolated from garden soil were characterized by polyphasic taxonomy and identified molecularly by sequencing the coding gene for 16S rRNA, the latter resulting in nine species closely related to the culture collection, these are Streptomyces griseiniger, Streptomyces cangkringensis, Streptomyces rhizosphaericus, Streptomyces sporoclivatus, Streptomyces malaysiensis, Streptomyces decoyicus, Streptomyces fildesensis, Streptomyces rhizosphaerihabitans, Streptomyces spiroverticillatus, thus obtaining a diversity percentage of 30 percent, this was corroborated by the variety of phenotypic and genotypic characteristics determined. The phenetic groups showed greater coherence and homogeneity compared to the genotypic ones, however, when analyzing them with the phylogenetic tree, relationship between the results was found. The collection of actinomycetes proved to be mostly, halophilic, neutrotolerant and mesophilic, in addition to expressing potential for the degradation of complex carbon sources and the use of amino acids as a carbon and nitrogen source. The importance of this work lies in the complementarity of these three tools for the characterization and identification of microorganisms, which continue from selective isolation, and the achievement of a profile to determine the biotechnological potential of the same, step that should be followed in this work. The option of taking the 16S phylogenetic analysis as a starting point for the characterization of microorganisms is also suggested, having as a basis the molecular identification to guide an adequate profiling of them with genotyping and finally phenotypic tests to determine their culture conditions and growth in order to identify its biotechnological utility.