Análisis del bagazo de caña como filtro en el tratamiento de aguas residuales provenientes del Camal Municipal de la ciudad del Puyo, provincia de Pastaza

Abstract

For the development of the project, as a place of study was chosen a slaughterhouse, where was obtained the wastewater necessary for the verification of the efficiency of the filter during operation. With regard to the experimental design, it has been made a wooden structure of 2m of height, which served as a support for a tank of 208.20 lt where was placed the effluent collected, which through a line of 1 m came to the filter, the filter material was sugar cane bagasse previously washed and dried in the sun. To ensure the continuing operation of the filter flow rate used was of 0,105 lt/min. During the 91 days of the filtration process, were obtained 9 samples of filtered water and 1 sample of unfiltered water. For later analyze parameters of great importance such as: Biochemical Oxygen Demand (DBO5), Chemical Oxygen Demand (DQO) and total suspended solids (SST), to each of the samples. In order to guarantee the reliability of the results, the analyzes were carried out in an accredited laboratory. Once they are obtained and analyzed the results, proceeded to compare them with the values of permissible limits specified in the Unified Text of Secondary Legislation of the Ministry of the Environment (TULSMA). According to the permissible limits only the concentration of SST achieved a decrease below the limit of 130 mg/lt that specified by the standard, while the parameters of DBO5 and DQO in spite of not getting concentrations lower than those specified, 100 mg/l and 200 mg/lt respectively, obtained significant decreases in comparison with the wastewater sample without filter. Based on the results, of the filter recorded greater efficiency to 95% for DBO5 and DQO, and more than 65% for SST. So check the effectiveness of the material to decrease the levels of contamination present in the waste water from a slaughterhouse.