Emisión de gases y su relación en la calidad del aire de la zona urbana de la Ciudad de Riobamba

Abstract

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The present investigation is based on an analysis of the emission of gases and their relation in the air quality of the urban zone of the city of Riobamba by means of the quantification of the concentration levels of sulfur dioxide (SO2) gases, Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, (BTEX) and ozone (O3) recorded by passive monitoring from 2008 to 2016 in three existing stations, obtaining as analysis results that the average SO2, NO2, toluene, xylene and ethylbenzene in all years of monitoring does not record an index greater than that established in the Ecuadorian Standard of Air Quality, nor does it exceed the standards established in the Guidelines of the World Health Organization, in the case of Benzene, the maximum values were recorded in 2009, with a concentration of 6.86 μg / m3 at the R-Norte-AME station (northwest of the city) and 8.36 μg / m3 at the R-Sur- EMAPAR (southeast of the city) the highest of the monitoring period, surpassing the norm established by the Ecuadorian legislation that is 5 μg / m3. The importance of the study lies in proposing alternatives for prevention and control to improve air quality, which involves a possible redesign of the monitoring network, which strengthens, broadens the spatial and territorial coverage of atmospheric monitoring, provides basic information for proper management in the air resource.