Estudio de sostenibilidad con energía fotovoltaica para el abastecimiento de electricidad al sistema de agua del barrio Mariscal Sucre

Abstract

The amount of rain in the Mariscal Sucre neighborhood is insufficient to meet the water demand of the agricultural and livestock sector. Extraction and pumping methods with electricity supply from the distribution network have a high cost, therefore, it is an unsustainable option for the inhabitants. For what makes PV-based solutions more attractive, according to the literature, only about 10% of the total energy produced by PV modules is used to meet the world's water needs. Currently, the water supply for the neighborhood, whether for human consumption and irrigation, is carried out by extracting water from a deep well with the help of an electro-submersible pump, which is fed with energy from the distribution network. The cost of electricity supply in 2015 was around $150, which according to the inhabitants was affordable, but as of 2020, when the rains decreased drastically in the sector, the need for water supply for irrigation was insufficient, so the pump it remained on most of the day, increasing electricity consumption and therefore the increase in energy payments. The objective of this project was to determine the sustainability of the energy supply to the water system with photovoltaic energy, for which it began by calculating the solar resource of the site with the help of available databases, additionally, with the help of the electricity consumption history. Issued by the distribution company (ELECPCO S.A.) from 2015 to 2022, the average consumption profile of a typical day was obtained. To verify the optimal dimensioning of the photovoltaic generator, the analytical method and the PVSYST software were used. The dimensioning was carried out using the criteria of a system isolated from the network, with which the following configuration was determined: 32 solar panels (405 W-STC), a regulator that supports a minimum current of 28.55 A, an inverter with two channels of 6.87 KW minimum, and 60 batteries of 250 Ah for an autonomy of two days recommended in the Ecuadorian Electrical Standard (NEC-11).