Evaluación de insecticidas naturales para el control de paratrioza (Bactericera cockerelli) en papa (Solanum tuberosum var. Super chola) utilizando el método de termonebulización, en la parroquia Izamba del cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua

Abstract

Solanaceae crops are currently being affected by a harmful pest known as paratrioza (Bactericera cockerelli). This pest has caused great losses to farmers, especially in mumps production, as it is the main vector of the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum and phytoplasma BLTVA, causal agents of the purple tip disease of potatoes, whose symptoms retract a delay in growth, plants yellow with purple shoots, rolling of tender leaves and low production with poor quality. Given the importance of this pest, the effect of garlic extract and the Neem x product with two doses of 10 and 15% on the control of B. cockerelli in potatoe crops was evaluated using the thermal fogging method. A randomized complete block split plot design was used in a 22 + 1 factorial arrangement with three replications, reaching a total of 15 experimental units. The variables evaluated were the time of appearance of the pest, number of eggs and nymphs per plant, incidence of purple tip and crop yield. Monitoring was carried out every 21 days from potato emergence throughout the crop cycle. At the end of the analysis, it was suspended that the most suitable dose and extract for the control of paratrioza was Neem X at 15%, since it yields the best results in all the response variables analyzed in this study. The thermal fogging application method is highly effective for the control of B. cockerelli, since it helps considerably by activating the active ingredient of the organic insecticide, in addition to spreading the product evenly improving its function.