Trastorno psicótico vs delirium en paciente covid positivo, reporte de un caso

Abstract

Introduction: The pandemic established by SARS COV-2 has generated psychological imbalance both in people who remain isolated at home for fear of infection and in hospitalized individuals who lose contact with reality, to which is added the long hospital stay, the feeling of stress and fear; These constitute risk factors for the development of neuropsychiatric disorders that need to be treated. Objective: To establish the differences between Psychotic Disorder and Delirium in a positive COVID patient. Materials and methods: A retrospective descriptive study based on clinical case analysis is carried out. Discussion: Case report of a 38-year-old female patient, with no significant medical history, admitted due to acute respiratory failure secondary to SARS VOC 2, associated with hemodynamic instability, requiring advanced airway management and use of inotropics positive in the intensive care unit. Patient who remained under the effects of sedoanalgesia for more than 15 days; After stabilization, the patient presented delusional ideas of harm, associated visual and auditory hallucinations, insomnia, sadness, fear; however, orientation, level of consciousness, and memory remained intact. Conclusion: The patient developed a psychotic disorder as she presented delusions, hallucinations accompanied by stability of the level of consciousness, orientation and memory. The psychiatric condition was triggered as a result of the SARS CoV2 infection because the patient presented moderate acute respiratory failure that generated a state of cerebral hypoxia that activated anaerobic metabolism in the cells of the central nervous system that finally triggered defective cognitive functions, appearing the psychotic disorder .