Estudio de los determinantes sociales en adultos mayores que asisten a los espacios activos en GAD Ambato y su relación con las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles

Abstract

Introduction: Health care institutions are concerned about how economic social and geographical factors could affect living older adults conditions, increasing their susceptibility to chronic non communicable diseases. These living conditions were called "Social Determinants of Health" (SDH). Objective: To identify the SSDs and their association with chronic noncommunicable diseases in the elderly who attend the active spaces in GAD Ambato. Materials and methods: An observational, quantitative cross-sectional study was carried out which included 204 people over 60 years of age who attend the GAD Ambato's elderly centres. A statistical analysis was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics V25.0 programme. Results: The social determinants associated to chronic noncommunicable diseases were females, married marital status and living in the urban area. 35% had no educational background and were associated to living in a rural area. 95% of the population studied had no social security and their income was equal to or less than a basic salary. In terms of occupation, 73% of the population studied were engaged in agriculture and domestic work. The population studied was basically urban (80%). It was observed that after the age of 60, 2 out of every 5 older adults had at least one chronic disease, the most frequent being high blood pressure. Conclusions: The appearance of these diseases are influenced by DSS, which makes it necessary to strengthen primary health to reduce the appearance of pathologies.