Análisis numérico experimental de los componentes del material compuesto alternativo de matriz epoxi reforzada con fibras sintéticas utilizado para la fabricación y reparación de superficies de vuelo en las aeronaves del CIDFAE

Abstract

The study of composite materials allows the use of new technological alternatives for the elaboration of aircraft elements. The analysis of these materials has a great value within the aeronautical field in view that the percentage of elements manufactured with this type of materials has been increasing, because the weight and operating costs of an aircraft are reduced. This research performs the characterization of the composite material of epoxy matrix reinforced with layers of flat fabric of synthetic fibers (carbon, aramid and glass) in different orientations which was achieved by combining manual stratification and vacuum, the compounds were subjected to tensile, bending and impact tests. In addition, a mathematical model is presented which predicts the elastic properties of the material based on a generalization of classical sheet theory. Finally, finite element simulation was used to contrast actual and experimental displacement results. The characterization and analysis of the tests determined that carbon fiber-reinforced compounds possess the best mechanical performance at traction and bending; however, aramid fiber-reinforced compounds have better impact resistance. The analytical method used to calculate elastic properties yielded results where the error percentage is in a range of 1percent-19 percent, while software simulation comparing the offset within the elastic zone yields error percentages not exceeding 0.2 percent.